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Price volatility and tracking ability of ETFs

Author

Listed:
  • Jack W Aber

    (School of Management, Boston University)

  • Dan Li
  • Luc Can

Abstract

In this paper, we examine the price volatility and tracking ability of four iShares™ exchange-traded funds (ETFs). We use three measures: the premium and discount position, daily return, and tracking error, compared with conventional index mutual funds tracking the same index. Our results indicate that the ETFs are more likely to trade at a premium than at a discount, with comparatively large daily price fluctuations; and that both fund types have approximately the same degree of comovement with their benchmarks, but differ slightly in their tracking ability. On average, the Vanguard™ conventional index funds beat their corresponding iShares™ competitors in terms of tracking error.

Suggested Citation

  • Jack W Aber & Dan Li & Luc Can, 2009. "Price volatility and tracking ability of ETFs," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(4), pages 210-221, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:pal:assmgt:v:10:y:2009:i:4:d:10.1057_jam.2009.13
    DOI: 10.1057/jam.2009.13
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Timothy Jares & Angeline Lavin, 2004. "Japan and Hong Kong Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs): Discounts, Returns, and Trading Strategies," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 25(1), pages 57-69, February.
    2. Delcoure, Natalya & Zhong, Maosen, 2007. "On the premiums of iShares," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 168-195, March.
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    4. James M. Poterba & John B. Shoven, 2002. "Exchange-Traded Funds: A New Investment Option for Taxable Investors," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 92(2), pages 422-427, May.
    5. Rudolf, Markus & Wolter, Hans-Jurgen & Zimmermann, Heinz, 1999. "A linear model for tracking error minimization," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 23(1), pages 85-103, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shank, Corey A. & Vianna, Andre C., 2016. "Are US-Dollar-Hedged-ETF investors aggressive on exchange rates? A panel VAR approach," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 430-438.
    2. Damien KUNJAL, 2023. "The Role of Investor Attention in ETF Liquidity," Journal of Economics and Financial Analysis, Tripal Publishing House, vol. 7(2), pages 45-64.
    3. Burchan Sakarya & Aykut Ekinci, 2020. "Exchange-traded funds and FX volatility: Evidence from Turkey," Central Bank Review, Research and Monetary Policy Department, Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey, vol. 20(4), pages 205-211.
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    5. Justice Matarutse, 2014. "Volatility characteristics of stocks underlying Exchange Traded Funds in South Africa," Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, AMH International, vol. 6(10), pages 829-839.
    6. Hasan F. Baklaci & William I-Wei Cheng & Jianing Zhang, 2024. "Performance Attributes of Environmental, Social, and Governance Exchange-Traded Funds," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer;Japanese Association of Financial Economics and Engineering, vol. 31(2), pages 307-334, June.
    7. Mathew Mallika & M. M. Sulphey, 2018. "Gold Exchange Traded Fund - Price Discovery and Performance Analysis," Scientific Annals of Economics and Business (continues Analele Stiintifice), Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, vol. 65(4), pages 477-495, December.
    8. Kent T. Saunders, 2018. "Analysis of International ETF Tracking Error in Country-Specific Funds," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 46(2), pages 151-160, June.
    9. Chunpeng Yang & Jun Chi, 2023. "Investor sentiment and volatility of exchange‐traded funds: Evidence from China," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(1), pages 668-680, January.
    10. Damien Kunjal & Faeezah Peerbhai & Paul-Francois Muzindutsi, 2022. "Political, economic, and financial country risks and the volatility of the South African Exchange Traded Fund market: A GARCH-MIDAS approach," Risk Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 24(3), pages 236-258, September.
    11. Mohammad Sharifzadeh & Simin Hojat, 2012. "An analytical performance comparison of exchange-traded funds with index funds: 2002–2010," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 13(3), pages 196-209, June.
    12. Priya Malhotra & Pankaj Sinha, 2023. "Exchange-traded Funds in India Amid COVID-19 Crisis: An Empirical Analysis of the Performance," Metamorphosis: A Journal of Management Research, , vol. 22(1), pages 38-54, June.
    13. L. Alamelu & Nisha Goyal, 2023. "Investment Performance and Tracking Efficiency of Indian Equity Exchange Traded Funds," Asia-Pacific Financial Markets, Springer;Japanese Association of Financial Economics and Engineering, vol. 30(1), pages 165-188, March.
    14. Patrick Kuok-Kun Chu, 2016. "Analysis and Forecast of Tracking Performance of Hong Kong Exchange-Traded Funds: Evidence from Tracker Fund and X iShares A50," Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies (RPBFMP), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 19(04), pages 1-26, December.
    15. Mohammad Sharifzadeh & Simin Hojat, 2011. "An analytical performance comparison of exchanged traded funds with index funds: 2002-2010," Papers 1111.0389, arXiv.org.
    16. Gregor Dorfleitner & Anna Gerl & Johannes Gerer, 2018. "The pricing efficiency of exchange-traded commodities," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 255-284, January.
    17. Tseng, Tseng-Chan & Lee, Chien-Chiang & Chen, Mei-Ping, 2015. "Volatility forecast of country ETF: The sequential information arrival hypothesis," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 228-234.
    18. Marszk, Adam & Lechman, Ewa, 2021. "Reshaping financial systems: The role of ICT in the diffusion of financial innovations – Recent evidence from European countries," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    19. Mahan Tahvildari, 2021. "Forward indifference valuation and hedging of basis risk under partial information," Papers 2101.00251, arXiv.org.
    20. Stewart, Shamar L. & Massa, Olga Isengildina & Hassman, Colburn & Leon, Maximo de, 2023. "ETP tracking of U.S. agricultural and energy markets," Journal of Commodity Markets, Elsevier, vol. 31(C).
    21. Prabhdeep Kaur & Jaspal Singh & Sidharath Seth, 2021. "Investigating the Dynamics of Exchange Traded Funds Across the Bear and Bull Markets: Evidence from Indian Equity ETFs," Vision, , vol. 25(3), pages 350-360, September.

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