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Bid-Ask Price Competition with Asymmetric Information between Market-Makers

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  • Riccardo Calcagno
  • Stefano Lovo

Abstract

This paper studies the effect of asymmetric information on the price formation process in a quote-driven market. One market-maker receives private information on the value of the quoted asset and repeatedly competes with market-makers who are uninformed. We show that despite the fact that the informed market-maker's quotes are public, the market is never strong-form efficient with certainty until the last stage. We characterize a reputational equilibrium in which the informed market-maker influences and possibly misleads the uninformed market-makers' beliefs. At this equilibrium, a price leadership effect arises, the informed market-maker's expected pay-off is positive and the rate of price discovery increases in the last stages of trade. Copyright 2006, Wiley-Blackwell.

Suggested Citation

  • Riccardo Calcagno & Stefano Lovo, 2006. "Bid-Ask Price Competition with Asymmetric Information between Market-Makers," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 73(2), pages 329-355.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:restud:v:73:y:2006:i:2:p:329-355
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/j.1467-937X.2006.378_1.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Bongaerts, Dion & Achter, Mark Van, 2021. "Competition among liquidity providers with access to high-frequency trading technology," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(1), pages 220-249.
    2. Chang, Sanders S. & Wang, F. Albert, 2015. "Adverse selection and the presence of informed trading," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 19-33.
    3. Hadiza Moussa Saley & Bernard De Meyer, 2003. "On the strategic origin of Brownian motion in finance," International Journal of Game Theory, Springer;Game Theory Society, vol. 31(2), pages 285-319.
    4. Schweinzer, Paul, 2010. "Sequential bargaining with common values," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(1), pages 109-121, January.
    5. Iraklis Kollias & John Leventides & Vassilios G. Papavassiliou, 2024. "On the solution of games with arbitrary payoffs: An application to an over‐the‐counter financial market," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(2), pages 1877-1895, April.
    6. Calcagno, R. & Lovo, S.M., 2002. "Market Efficiency and Price Formation When Dealers are Asymmetrically Informed," Discussion Paper 2002-42, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    7. Schweinzer, Paul, 2006. "Sequential bargaining with pure common values," Discussion Paper Series of SFB/TR 15 Governance and the Efficiency of Economic Systems 137, Free University of Berlin, Humboldt University of Berlin, University of Bonn, University of Mannheim, University of Munich.
    8. Shino Takayama, 2013. "Price Manipulation, Dynamic Informed Trading and Tame Equilibria: Theory and Computation," Discussion Papers Series 492, School of Economics, University of Queensland, Australia.
    9. Takayama, Shino, 2021. "Price manipulation, dynamic informed trading, and the uniqueness of equilibrium in sequential trading," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    10. Hörner, Johannes & Lovo, Stefano & Tomala, Tristan, 2018. "Belief-free price formation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 127(2), pages 342-365.
    11. Shino Takayama, 2018. "Price Manipulation, Dynamic Informed Trading and Tame Equilibria: Theory and Computation," Discussion Papers Series 603, School of Economics, University of Queensland, Australia.
    12. Calcagno, R. & Lovo, S.M., 2002. "Market Efficiency and Price Formation When Dealers are Asymmetrically Informed," Other publications TiSEM 30951a58-24f2-43f0-9e35-e, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    13. Biais, Bruno & Glosten, Larry & Spatt, Chester, 2005. "Market microstructure: A survey of microfoundations, empirical results, and policy implications," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 8(2), pages 217-264, May.
    14. Attilio Gardini & Giuseppe Cavaliere & Michele Costa, 1999. "A new approach to stock price modelling and the efficiency of the Italian stock exchange," Statistical Methods & Applications, Springer;Società Italiana di Statistica, vol. 8(1), pages 25-47, April.
    15. Arzé Karam, 2017. "The effects of intraday news flow on market liquidity, price volatility and trading activity," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 37(4), pages 2354-2363.
    16. Zhang, Wei & Huang, Ke & Feng, Xu & Zhang, Yongjie, 2017. "Market maker competition and price efficiency: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 121-131.
    17. Arzé Karam, 2022. "Dealers' incentives to reveal their names," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 57(1), pages 27-44, February.
    18. Allen, Linda & Gottesman, Aron A. & Peng, Lin, 2012. "The impact of joint participation on liquidity in equity and syndicated bank loan markets," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 50-78.
    19. LOVO, Stefano M. & CALCAGNO, R., 2001. "Market efficiency and Price Formation when Dealers are Asymmetrically Informed," HEC Research Papers Series 737, HEC Paris.

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