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Competition Law Around The World From 1889 To 2010: The Competition Law Index

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  • Anu Bradford
  • Adam S Chilton

Abstract

Competition laws have become a mainstay of regulation in market economies. At the same time, past efforts to study the drivers or effects of competition laws have been hampered by the lack of systematic measures of these laws across a wide range of years or countries. In this paper, we draw on new data on the evolution of competition laws to create a novel Competition Law Index (the “CLI”) that measures the stringency of competition regulation from 1889 to 2010. We then employ the CLI to examine trends in the intensity of competition regulation over time and across key countries. We also use our data to create several alternative indexes of competition law that may be appropriate for specific research applications. In doing so, we hope to demonstrate how the CLI can facilitate new empirical research on comparative and international competition law.

Suggested Citation

  • Anu Bradford & Adam S Chilton, 2018. "Competition Law Around The World From 1889 To 2010: The Competition Law Index," Journal of Competition Law and Economics, Oxford University Press, vol. 14(3), pages 393-432.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:jcomle:v:14:y:2018:i:3:p:393-432.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/joclec/nhy011
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Vaziri, M., 2022. "Antitrust Law and Business Dynamism," Cambridge Working Papers in Economics 2243, Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge.
    2. Crescioli, Tommaso, 2024. "Reinforcing each other: How the combination of European and domestic reforms increased competition in liberalized industries," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    3. Wenzhi Ding & Ross Levine & Chen Lin & Wensi Xie, 2020. "Competition Laws, Norms and Corporate Social Responsibility," NBER Working Papers 27493, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Bai, Ye & Girma, Sourafel & Riaño, Alejandro, 2024. "Corporate acquisitions and firm-level uncertainty: Domestic versus cross-border deals," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    5. Anu Bradford & Adam S. Chilton & Christopher Megaw & Nathaniel Sokol, 2019. "Competition Law Gone Global: Introducing the Comparative Competition Law and Enforcement Datasets," Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(2), pages 411-443, June.
    6. Shen, Zhe & Sowah, Joseph Sowahfio & Dak-Adzaklo, Cephas Simon Peter & Li, Shan, 2023. "Competition laws and corporate risk-taking around the world," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    7. Gordon M Phillips & Alexei Zhdanov, 2024. "Venture Capital Investments, Merger Activity, and Competition Laws around the World," The Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 13(2), pages 303-334.
    8. Wenzhi Ding & Ross Levine & Chen Lin & Wensi Xie, 2022. "Competition laws, ownership, and corporate social responsibility," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 53(8), pages 1576-1602, October.
    9. Kim, Nam Kyu, 2023. "Regime legitimation strategies and competition laws in autocracies," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    10. Timothy Besley & Nicola Fontana & Nicola Limodio, 2021. "Antitrust Policies and Profitability in Nontradable Sectors," American Economic Review: Insights, American Economic Association, vol. 3(2), pages 251-265, June.
    11. Crescioli, Tommaso, 2024. "Reinforcing each other: how the combination of European and domestic reforms increased competition in liberalized industries," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 123605, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    12. Mariotti, Sergio & Marzano, Riccardo, 2021. "The effects of competition policy, regulatory quality and trust on inward FDI in host countries," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 30(6).
    13. Kim, Incheol & Lee, Suin & Sharma, Bina, 2023. "Competition law reform and firm performance: Evidence from developing countries," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 56(C).
    14. Ross Levine & Chen Lin & Lai Wei & Wensi Xie, 2020. "Competition Laws and Corporate Innovation," NBER Working Papers 27253, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. Wong, Raymond M.K. & Dak-Adzaklo, Cephas Simon Peter & Lo, Agnes W.Y., 2024. "Debt choice in the regulated competition era," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    16. Hennig, Jan C. & Oehmichen, Jana & Steinberg, Philip J. & Heigermoser, Judith, 2022. "Determinants of common ownership: Exploring an information-based and a competition-based perspective in a global context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 690-702.
    17. Xede, James & Simon Peter Dak-Adzaklo, Cephas & Ofosu, Emmanuel & Wise Dodzidenu Adza, Solomon, 2023. "Competition laws, external financing and investment," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    18. Anu Bradford & Adam Chilton & Katerina Linos & Alexander Weaver, 2019. "The Global Dominance of European Competition Law Over American Antitrust Law," Journal of Empirical Legal Studies, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 16(4), pages 731-766, December.

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