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Combining eigenvalues and variation of eigenvectors for order determination

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  • Wei Luo
  • Bing Li

Abstract

In applying statistical methods such as principal component analysis, canonical correlation analysis, and sufficient dimension reduction, we need to determine how many eigenvectors of a random matrix are important for estimation. This problem is known as order determination, and amounts to estimating the rank of a matrix. Previous order-determination procedures rely either on the decreasing pattern, or elbow, of the eigenvalues, or on the increasing pattern of the variability in the directions of the eigenvectors. In this paper we propose a new order-determination procedure by exploiting both patterns: when the eigenvalues of a random matrix are close together, their eigenvectors tend to vary greatly; when the eigenvalues are far apart, their variability tends to be small. The combination of both helps to pinpoint the rank of a matrix more precisely than the previous methods. We establish the consistency of the new order-determination procedure, and compare it with other such procedures by simulation and in an applied setting.

Suggested Citation

  • Wei Luo & Bing Li, 2016. "Combining eigenvalues and variation of eigenvectors for order determination," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 103(4), pages 875-887.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:biomet:v:103:y:2016:i:4:p:875-887.
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Li, Bing & Wang, Shaoli, 2007. "On Directional Regression for Dimension Reduction," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 102, pages 997-1008, September.
    2. Parr, William C., 1985. "The bootstrap: Some large sample theory and connections with robustness," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 3(2), pages 97-100, April.
    3. Gunderson, Brenda K. & Muirhead, Robb J., 1997. "On Estimating the Dimensionality in Canonical Correlation Analysis," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 62(1), pages 121-136, July.
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