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Interacting with the enemy: indirect effects of personality on conspecific aggression in crickets

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  • Francesca Santostefano
  • Alastair J. Wilson
  • Yimen G. Araya-Ajoy
  • Niels J. Dingemanse

Abstract

In animal contests, individuals respond plastically to the phenotypes of the opponents that they confront. These "opponent"—or "indirect"—effects are often repeatable, for example, certain opponents consistently elicit more or less aggressiveness in others. "Personality" (repeatable among-individual variation in behavior) has been proposed as an important source of indirect effects. Here, we repeatedly assayed aggressiveness of wild-caught adult male field crickets Gryllus campestris in staged dyadic fights, measuring aggressiveness of both contestants. Measurements of their personality in nonsocial contexts (activity and exploration behavior) enabled us to ask whether personality caused indirect effects on aggressiveness. Activity, exploration, and aggressiveness were positively associated into a behavioral syndrome eliciting aggressiveness in conspecifics, providing direct evidence for the role of personality in causing indirect effects. Our findings imply that a multivariate view of phenotypes that includes indirect effects greatly improves our ability to understand the ecology and evolution of behavior.

Suggested Citation

  • Francesca Santostefano & Alastair J. Wilson & Yimen G. Araya-Ajoy & Niels J. Dingemanse, 2016. "Interacting with the enemy: indirect effects of personality on conspecific aggression in crickets," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 27(4), pages 1235-1246.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:beheco:v:27:y:2016:i:4:p:1235-1246.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/beheco/arw037
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David N. Fisher & Morgan David & Tom Tregenza & Rolando Rodríguez-Muñoz, 2015. "Editor's choice Dynamics of among-individual behavioral variation over adult lifespan in a wild insect," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 26(4), pages 975-985.
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    Cited by:

    1. Anna Favati & Hanne Løvlie & Olof Leimar, 2017. "Individual aggression, but not winner–loser effects, predicts social rank in male domestic fowl," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 28(3), pages 874-882.
    2. Nathan W Bailey & Lucas Marie-Orleach & Allen J Moore & Leigh SimmonsEditor-in-Chief, 2018. "Indirect genetic effects in behavioral ecology: does behavior play a special role in evolution?," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 29(1), pages 1-11.

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