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Risky mate search and mate preference in the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes)

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  • Michael M. Kasumovic
  • Matthew J. Bruce
  • Marie E. Herberstein
  • Maydianne C.B. Andrade

Abstract

Mate searching is a risky behavior that decreases survival by increasing predation risk and the risk of energy depletion. However, few studies have quantified actual mortality during mate search, making it difficult to predict mate searching and mating strategies. Using a mark and recapture study, we examined mate-searching success in a highly sexually dimorphic species, the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes). We show that despite the high-density aggregations of this species, male survival during mate searching is extremely low (36%) and is phenotype independent. Surprisingly, males that survived mate search were in better condition after recapture than prior to release, most likely due to kleptoparasitism on females' webs. In a complementary release experiment in a field enclosure, we show that males are choosy and adjust their choice of female depending on their own condition and weight. Thus, the high mortality rate of searching males in the field may be a cost of choosiness because released males traveled further than necessary to settle on females. Although males were choosy about female phenotypes, they did not avoid webs with rival males already present. This suggests that the cost of continued searching outweighs the cost of competition but not the cost of mating with certain females. Further examinations of mate-searching risk in other species in reference to their mating system and environmental conditions are necessary to determine the occurrence and effects of high mortality rates during searching. Copyright 2007.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael M. Kasumovic & Matthew J. Bruce & Marie E. Herberstein & Maydianne C.B. Andrade, 2007. "Risky mate search and mate preference in the golden orb-web spider (Nephila plumipes)," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 18(1), pages 189-195, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:oup:beheco:v:18:y:2007:i:1:p:189-195
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/beheco/arl072
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Martha Lucía Baena & Rogelio Macías-Ordóñez, 2015. "Mobility and mating frequency in the scramble competition polygyny of a chrysomelid beetle," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 26(2), pages 416-424.
    2. Charles Cunningham & Jorge E Parra & Lucy Coals & Marcela Beltrán & Sama Zefania & Tamás Székely, 2018. "Social interactions predict genetic diversification: an experimental manipulation in shorebirds," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 29(3), pages 609-618.
    3. Matjaž Kuntner & Jonathan A Coddington, 2009. "Discovery of the Largest Orbweaving Spider Species: The Evolution of Gigantism in Nephila," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 4(10), pages 1-5, October.
    4. Roslyn Dakin & Robert Montgomerie, 2014. "Condition-dependent mate assessment and choice by peahens: implications for sexual selection," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 25(5), pages 1097-1104.
    5. Clare C. Rittschof & Samantha A. Hilber & M. Scarlett Tudor & Colette M. St Mary, 2012. "Modeling male reproductive strategies and optimal mate number in an orb-web spider," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 23(1), pages 1-10.

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