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Effective Tax Rate Changes and Earnings Stripping Following Corporate Inversion

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  • Seida, Jim A.
  • Wempe, William F.

Abstract

We examine the financial and valuation consequences of corporate inversion using a sample of 12 inversion firms and 24 matched firms. We find that firms' effective tax rates (ETRs) decline substantially following inversion. Based on pre– to post–inversion changes in foreign profit margin, U.S. profit margin, and the geographic composition of pre–tax income, we infer that inversion–related ETR reductions are due to U.S. earnings stripping. For four firms, we provide evidence that intercompany debt is the mechanism used to strip earnings. Finally, we find that abnormal returns at shareholder approval dates are associated with inverted firms' realized ETR changes.

Suggested Citation

  • Seida, Jim A. & Wempe, William F., 2004. "Effective Tax Rate Changes and Earnings Stripping Following Corporate Inversion," National Tax Journal, National Tax Association;National Tax Journal, vol. 57(4), pages 805-828, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:ntj:journl:v:57:y:2004:i:4:p:805-28
    DOI: 10.17310/ntj.2004.4.02
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    Cited by:

    1. Kevin Holland & Sarah Lindop & Nor Shaipah Abdul Wahab, 2022. "How Do Managers and Shareholders Respond to Taxation? An Analysis of the Introduction of the UK Real Estate Investment Trust Legislation," Abacus, Accounting Foundation, University of Sydney, vol. 58(2), pages 334-364, June.
    2. Dyreng, Scott D. & Hanlon, Michelle & Maydew, Edward L. & Thornock, Jacob R., 2017. "Changes in corporate effective tax rates over the past 25 years," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 124(3), pages 441-463.
    3. Brooks, Chris & Godfrey, Chris & Hillenbrand, Carola & Money, Kevin, 2016. "Do investors care about corporate taxes?," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 218-248.
    4. T. J. Atwood & Christina Lewellen, 2019. "The Complementarity between Tax Avoidance and Manager Diversion: Evidence from Tax Haven Firms," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(1), pages 259-294, March.
    5. Nesbitt, Wayne L. & Outslay, Edmund & Persson, Anh V., 2023. "A reexamination of investors' reaction to tax shelter news: Evidence from the Luxembourg tax leaks," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 75(2).
    6. Robinson Reyes-Peña & Arun Upadhyay & Arun Kumaraswamy, 2023. "Foreign competitive pressure and inversions by U.S. multinational enterprises," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 54(5), pages 829-851, July.
    7. Cooper, Maggie & Nguyen, Quyen T.K., 2020. "Multinational enterprises and corporate tax planning: A review of literature and suggestions for a future research agenda," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(3).
    8. Christina M. Lewellen, 2023. "Tax haven incorporation and financial reporting transparency," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 28(3), pages 1811-1855, September.
    9. Scott D. Dyreng & Bradley P. Lindsey, 2009. "Using Financial Accounting Data to Examine the Effect of Foreign Operations Located in Tax Havens and Other Countries on U.S. Multinational Firms' Tax Rates," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(5), pages 1283-1316, December.
    10. Johannes Voget, 2010. "Headquarter Relocations and International Taxation," Working Papers 1008, Oxford University Centre for Business Taxation.
    11. Thomsen, Martin & Watrin, Christoph, 2018. "Tax avoidance over time: A comparison of European and U.S. firms," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 40-63.
    12. Laing, Elaine & Gurdgiev, Constantin & Durand, Robert B. & Boermans, Boris, 2019. "U.S. tax inversions and shareholder wealth effects," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 35-52.
    13. Cortes, Felipe & Gomes, Armando & Gopalan, Radhakrishnan, 2021. "Corporate Inversions and Governance," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    14. De Simone, Lisa & Piotroski, Joseph D. & Tomy, Rimmy E., 2017. "Repatriation Taxes and Foreign Cash Holdings: The Impact of Anticipated Tax Policy," Research Papers 3507, Stanford University, Graduate School of Business.
    15. Hanlon, Michelle & Heitzman, Shane, 2010. "A review of tax research," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(2-3), pages 127-178, December.
    16. Nikolay Anguelov, 2017. "Lowering the Marginal Corporate Tax Rate: Why the Debate?," Economic Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 37(2), pages 213-228, June.
    17. Song, Qian & Holland, Kevin, 2023. "The quality of tax accounting for financial reporting purposes: International evidence from the United Kingdom," Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, Elsevier, vol. 52(C).
    18. Arjen H. L. Slangen & Marc Baaij & Riccardo Valboni, 2017. "Disaggregating the Corporate Headquarters: Investor Reactions to Inversion Announcements by US Firms," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 54(8), pages 1241-1270, December.
    19. Aleksi Eerola & Arjen H. L. Slangen, 2022. "A Review of International Management Research on Corporate Taxation," Management International Review, Springer, vol. 62(5), pages 643-680, October.

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