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Ocena atrakcyjności inwestycyjnej kraju z uwagi na koszt ubezpieczeń społecznych

Author

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  • Antoni Chrzonstowski

    (Wyższa Szkoła Nauk Społecznych z siedzibą w Lublinie)

Abstract

Artykuł prezentuje model wynagrodzenia czynników produkcji (kapitału i pracy) w zależności od demografii i wydatków rządowych na system emerytalny. Uwarunkowania demograficzne ujmuje zmienna odzwierciedlona ilorazem liczby emerytów do osób zatrudnionych w gospodarce. Model jest funkcją nieliniową wynagrodzenia czynników produkcji w powiązaniu ze zmienną demograficzną. Inwestorzy zagraniczni planujący bezpośrednią inwestycję (BIZ) w danym kraju biorą pod uwagę koszty pracy wynikające z podatków i obowiązkowych ubezpieczeń. Najbardziej atrakcyjnym krajem dla lokalizacji BIZ jest ten, gdzie – ceteris paribus – koszty pracy i ubezpieczeń są najniższe. Wykorzystując wskazany model, porównano cztery kraje Grupy Wyszehradzkiej ze względu na atrakcyjność dla BIZ w powiązaniu z proporcją liczby emerytów do liczby pracowników i kosztem pracy wynikającym z systemu emerytalnego. Do analizy ilościowej wykorzystano dane statystyczne z bazy Eurostatu z okresu 2007–2018. Z obliczeń przeprowadzonych za pomocą modelu wynika, że ze względu na koszty pracy związane z systemem emerytalnym najbardziej atrakcyjna byłaby Słowacja, na drugim miejscu są Czechy, na trzecim Węgry, na czwartym Polska.

Suggested Citation

  • Antoni Chrzonstowski, 2021. "Ocena atrakcyjności inwestycyjnej kraju z uwagi na koszt ubezpieczeń społecznych," Bank i Kredyt, Narodowy Bank Polski, vol. 52(1), pages 37-76.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbp:nbpbik:v:52:y:2021:i:1:p:37-76
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    system emerytalny; wynagrodzenie czynników produkcji; bezpośrednie inwestycje zagraniczne;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • D21 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Firm Behavior: Theory
    • D23 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Organizational Behavior; Transaction Costs; Property Rights
    • D61 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis
    • D92 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Intertemporal Firm Choice, Investment, Capacity, and Financing
    • J26 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Retirement; Retirement Policies
    • J32 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Nonwage Labor Costs and Benefits; Retirement Plans; Private Pensions

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