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Interactions between monetary and macroprudential policy

Author

Listed:
  • J. Boeckx

    (National Bank of Belgium)

  • P. Ilbas

    (National Bank of Belgium)

  • M. Kasongo Kashama

    (National Bank of Belgium)

  • M. de Sola Perea

    (National Bank of Belgium)

  • Ch. Van Nieuwenhuyze

    (National Bank of Belgium)

Abstract

The article analyses the interactions and trade-offs between monetary and macroprudential policies. While both policy domains have their respective objectives, i.e., price stability for monetary policy and financial stability for macroprudential policy, they impinge on closely related variables, such as output, inflation and financial variables. Therefore, depending on the circumstances, the strategy of one policy-maker might either reinforce or undermine the effectiveness of the other’s. The article first defines the objectives and describes the transmission channels of both policies, and sets out the institutional framework in Belgium and the euro area. Coordination between the two domains may be advantageous at times when there are strong trade-offs between price and financial stability, for instance when facing a supply shock, making coordination more desirable but also more challenging. In addition, when the available macroprudential instruments are not proven to be sufficiently effective, or when financial imbalances are widespread throughout the economy, monetary policy might have to ´lean against the wind´, i.e., follow a somewhat tighter stance than justified by the price stability objective, in order to avoid the further build-up of financial imbalances. The article concludes with a discussion of the current interaction between monetary and macroprudential policies in the context of low nominal growth and low interest rates. Recent monetary policy measures, including the EAPP, contribute to safeguarding price and macroeconomic stability through the anchoring of inflation expectations. That, in turn, should also support financial stability. Nevertheless, risks to financial stability might emerge in the current prolonged period of low interest rates and abundant liquidity. Targeted sector- (or country-)specific macroprudential measures are to be preferred when dealing with the potential build-up of financial imbalances, such as within the insurance sector.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Boeckx & P. Ilbas & M. Kasongo Kashama & M. de Sola Perea & Ch. Van Nieuwenhuyze, 2015. "Interactions between monetary and macroprudential policy," Economic Review, National Bank of Belgium, issue ii, pages 7-29, september.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbb:ecrart:y:2015:m:september:i:ii:p:7-29
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. J. Boeckx & M. Deroose, 2016. "Monetary and fiscal policies in the euro area : independent but nevertheless connected," Economic Review, National Bank of Belgium, issue ii, pages 7-25, september.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    monetary policy; macroprudential policy; leaning against the wind; policy trade-off;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • E61 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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