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Brain charts for the human lifespan

Author

Listed:
  • R. A. I. Bethlehem

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge)

  • J. Seidlitz

    (University of Pennsylvania
    The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
    The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine)

  • S. R. White

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge)

  • J. W. Vogel

    (University of Pennsylvania
    University of Pennsylvania)

  • K. M. Anderson

    (Yale University)

  • C. Adamson

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    Monash University)

  • S. Adler

    (UCL Great Ormond Street Institute for Child Health)

  • G. S. Alexopoulos

    (Weill Cornell Medicine)

  • E. Anagnostou

    (Department of Pediatrics University of Toronto
    Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital)

  • A. Areces-Gonzalez

    (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
    University of Pinar del Río “Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca”)

  • D. E. Astle

    (University of Cambridge)

  • B. Auyeung

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Edinburgh)

  • M. Ayub

    (Queen’s University, Department of Psychiatry, Centre for Neuroscience Studies
    University College London, Mental Health Neuroscience Research Department, Division of Psychiatry)

  • J. Bae

    (Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)

  • G. Ball

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    University of Melbourne)

  • S. Baron-Cohen

    (University of Cambridge
    Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust)

  • R. Beare

    (Murdoch Children’s Research Institute
    Monash University)

  • S. A. Bedford

    (University of Cambridge)

  • V. Benegal

    (National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS))

  • F. Beyer

    (Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences)

  • J. Blangero

    (University of Texas Rio Grande Valley)

  • M. Blesa Cábez

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • J. P. Boardman

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • M. Borzage

    (Fetal and Neonatal Institute, Division of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California)

  • J. F. Bosch-Bayard

    (Montreal Neurological Institute
    McGill University)

  • N. Bourke

    (Imperial College London
    Dementia Research Institute)

  • V. D. Calhoun

    (Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University)

  • M. M. Chakravarty

    (McGill University
    Douglas Mental Health University Institute)

  • C. Chen

    (University of Pennsylvania)

  • C. Chertavian

    (The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine)

  • G. Chetelat

    (Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron)

  • Y. S. Chong

    (Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research
    National University of Singapore)

  • J. H. Cole

    (University College London
    University College London)

  • A. Corvin

    (Trinity College)

  • M. Costantino

    (Douglas Mental Health University Institute
    McGill University)

  • E. Courchesne

    (University of California, San Diego
    University of California, San Diego)

  • F. Crivello

    (Institute of Neurodegenerative Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, University of Bordeaux)

  • V. L. Cropley

    (University of Melbourne)

  • J. Crosbie

    (The Hospital for Sick Children)

  • N. Crossley

    (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
    King’s College London
    Instituto Milenio Intelligent Healthcare Engineering)

  • M. Delarue

    (Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron)

  • R. Delorme

    (Robert Debré University Hospital, AP-HP
    Institut Pasteur)

  • S. Desrivieres

    (King’s College London)

  • G. A. Devenyi

    (McGill Department of Psychiatry, Douglas Mental Health University Institute
    McGill University)

  • M. A. Biase

    (University of Melbourne
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School)

  • R. Dolan

    (University College London
    Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging)

  • K. A. Donald

    (Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital
    University of Cape Town)

  • G. Donohoe

    (National University of Ireland Galway)

  • K. Dunlop

    (Weill Cornell Medicine)

  • A. D. Edwards

    (King’s College London
    Evelina London Children’s Hospital
    MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders)

  • J. T. Elison

    (University of Minnesota)

  • C. T. Ellis

    (Yale University
    Haskins Laboratories)

  • J. A. Elman

    (University of California, San Diego)

  • L. Eyler

    (VA San Diego Healthcare
    University of California San Diego)

  • D. A. Fair

    (University of Minnesota)

  • E. Feczko

    (University of Minnesota)

  • P. C. Fletcher

    (University of Cambridge, and Wellcome Trust MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus
    Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust)

  • P. Fonagy

    (University College London
    Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families)

  • C. E. Franz

    (University of California, San Diego)

  • L. Galan-Garcia

    (Cuban Center for Neuroscience)

  • A. Gholipour

    (Boston Children’s Hospital)

  • J. Giedd

    (University of California, San Diego
    University of California San Diego)

  • J. H. Gilmore

    (University of North Carolina)

  • D. C. Glahn

    (Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School
    Harvard Medical School)

  • I. M. Goodyer

    (University of Cambridge)

  • P. E. Grant

    (Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School)

  • N. A. Groenewold

    (University of Cape Town
    Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town)

  • F. M. Gunning

    (Weill Cornell Medicine)

  • R. E. Gur

    (University of Pennsylvania
    The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine)

  • R. C. Gur

    (University of Pennsylvania
    The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine)

  • C. F. Hammill

    (The Hospital for Sick Children
    Mouse Imaging Centre)

  • O. Hansson

    (Lund University
    Skåne University Hospital)

  • T. Hedden

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School)

  • A. Heinz

    (Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité Campus Mitte)

  • R. N. Henson

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge)

  • K. Heuer

    (Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
    Université de Paris)

  • J. Hoare

    (University of Cape Town)

  • B. Holla

    (NIMHANS
    NIMHANS)

  • A. J. Holmes

    (Yale University)

  • R. Holt

    (University of Cambridge)

  • H. Huang

    (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
    University of Pennsylvania)

  • K. Im

    (Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School
    Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School)

  • J. Ipser

    (Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town)

  • C. R. Jack

    (Mayo Clinic)

  • A. P. Jackowski

    (Universidade Federal de São Paulo
    National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry)

  • T. Jia

    (Fudan University
    Key Laboratory of Computational Neuroscience and BrainInspired Intelligence (Fudan University), Ministry of Education
    Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, SGDP Centre, King’s College London)

  • K. A. Johnson

    (Harvard Medical School
    Massachusetts General Hospital
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital
    Massachusetts General Hospital)

  • P. B. Jones

    (University of Cambridge
    Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust)

  • D. T. Jones

    (Mayo Clinic
    Mayo Clinic)

  • R. S. Kahn

    (Icahn School of Medicine)

  • H. Karlsson

    (University of Turku and Turku University Hospital
    Turku University Hospital and University of Turku)

  • L. Karlsson

    (University of Turku and Turku University Hospital
    Turku University Hospital and University of Turku)

  • R. Kawashima

    (Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku)

  • E. A. Kelley

    (Queen’s University, Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, Centre for Neuroscience Studies)

  • S. Kern

    (Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic)

  • K. W. Kim

    (Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences
    Seoul National University Bundang Hospital
    Seoul National University College of Medicine
    SNU-MRC)

  • M. G. Kitzbichler

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge)

  • W. S. Kremen

    (University of California, San Diego)

  • F. Lalonde

    (National Institute of Mental Health)

  • B. Landeau

    (Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron)

  • S. Lee

    (Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences)

  • J. Lerch

    (Mouse Imaging Centre
    University of Toronto
    University of Oxford)

  • J. D. Lewis

    (McGill University)

  • J. Li

    (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China)

  • W. Liao

    (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China)

  • C. Liston

    (Weill Cornell Medicine)

  • M. V. Lombardo

    (University of Cambridge
    Laboratory for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Center for Neuroscience and Cognitive Systems @UniTn, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia)

  • J. Lv

    (University of Melbourne
    The University of Sydney)

  • C. Lynch

    (Weill Cornell Medicine)

  • T. T. Mallard

    (University of Texas)

  • M. Marcelis

    (Maastricht University Medical Centre
    Institute for Mental Health Care Eindhoven (GGzE))

  • R. D. Markello

    (McGill University)

  • S. R. Mathias

    (Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School)

  • B. Mazoyer

    (Institute of Neurodegenerative Disorders, CNRS UMR5293, CEA, University of Bordeaux
    Douglas Mental Health University Institute)

  • P. McGuire

    (King’s College London)

  • M. J. Meaney

    (Douglas Mental Health University Institute
    Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences)

  • A. Mechelli

    (Bordeaux University Hospital)

  • N. Medic

    (University of Cambridge)

  • B. Misic

    (McGill University)

  • S. E. Morgan

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge
    The Alan Turing Institute)

  • D. Mothersill

    (National College of Ireland
    National University of Ireland Galway
    Trinity College Dublin)

  • J. Nigg

    (Oregon Health and Science University)

  • M. Q. W. Ong

    (National University of Singapore)

  • C. Ortinau

    (Washington University in St Louis)

  • R. Ossenkoppele

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC
    Lund University, Clinical Memory Research Unit)

  • M. Ouyang

    (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia)

  • L. Palaniyappan

    (University of Western Ontario)

  • L. Paly

    (Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, U1237, PhIND “Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders”, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie, Cyceron)

  • P. M. Pan

    (Federal University of Sao Poalo (UNIFESP)
    National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD))

  • C. Pantelis

    (The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health
    The University of Melbourne
    Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health)

  • M. M. Park

    (Western University)

  • T. Paus

    (Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal
    University of Toronto)

  • Z. Pausova

    (The Hospital for Sick Children
    University of Toronto)

  • D. Paz-Linares

    (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
    Cuban Neuroscience Center)

  • A. Pichet Binette

    (McGill University
    Douglas Mental Health University Institute)

  • K. Pierce

    (University of California, San Diego)

  • X. Qian

    (National University of Singapore)

  • J. Qiu

    (Southwest University)

  • A. Qiu

    (The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore)

  • A. Raznahan

    (National Institute of Mental Health)

  • T. Rittman

    (University of Cambridge)

  • A. Rodrigue

    (Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School)

  • C. K. Rollins

    (Harvard Medical School
    Boston Children’s Hospital)

  • R. Romero-Garcia

    (University of Cambridge
    Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Dpto. de Fisiología Médica y Biofísica)

  • L. Ronan

    (University of Cambridge)

  • M. D. Rosenberg

    (University of Chicago)

  • D. H. Rowitch

    (University of Cambridge)

  • G. A. Salum

    (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
    National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry (INPD))

  • T. D. Satterthwaite

    (University of Pennsylvania
    University of Pennsylvania)

  • H. L. Schaare

    (Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
    Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7: Brain and Behaviour), Research Centre Juelich)

  • R. J. Schachar

    (The Hospital for Sick Children)

  • A. P. Schultz

    (Harvard Medical School
    Massachusetts General Hospital
    Massachusetts General Hospital)

  • G. Schumann

    (Institute for Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence, Fudan University
    Charite Campus Mitte)

  • M. Schöll

    (University of Gothenburg
    University of Gothenburg
    Queen’s Square Institute of Neurology, University College London)

  • D. Sharp

    (Imperial College London
    UK Dementia Research Institute)

  • R. T. Shinohara

    (University of Pennsylvania
    University of Pennsylvania)

  • I. Skoog

    (Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg
    Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Psychiatry, Cognition and Old Age Psychiatry Clinic)

  • C. D. Smyser

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • R. A. Sperling

    (Harvard Medical School
    Massachusetts General Hospital
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital)

  • D. J. Stein

    (University of Cape Town)

  • A. Stolicyn

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • J. Suckling

    (University of Cambridge
    Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust)

  • G. Sullivan

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • Y. Taki

    (Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku)

  • B. Thyreau

    (Tohoku University, Seiryocho, Aobaku)

  • R. Toro

    (Université de Paris
    Institut Pasteur)

  • N. Traut

    (Institut Pasteur
    Université Paris Descartes)

  • K. A. Tsvetanov

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge)

  • N. B. Turk-Browne

    (Yale University
    Yale University)

  • J. J. Tuulari

    (University of Turku and Turku University Hospital
    University of Turku
    University of Turku)

  • C. Tzourio

    (Univ. Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, U1219, CHU Bordeaux)

  • É. Vachon-Presseau

    (McGill University)

  • M. J. Valdes-Sosa

    (Cuban Center for Neuroscience)

  • P. A. Valdes-Sosa

    (University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
    McGill University)

  • S. L. Valk

    (Institute for Neuroscience and Medicine 7, Forschungszentrum Jülich
    Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences)

  • T. Amelsvoort

    (Maastricht University)

  • S. N. Vandekar

    (Vanderbilt University
    Vanderbilt University Medical Center)

  • L. Vasung

    (McGill University)

  • L. W. Victoria

    (Weill Cornell Medicine)

  • S. Villeneuve

    (McGill University
    McGill University
    Douglas Mental Health University Institute)

  • A. Villringer

    (Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
    University of Leipzig Medical Center)

  • P. E. Vértes

    (University of Cambridge
    The Alan Turing Institute)

  • K. Wagstyl

    (Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging)

  • Y. S. Wang

    (Beijing Normal University
    Beijing Normal University
    National Basic Science Data Center
    Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • S. K. Warfield

    (Boston Children’s Hospital)

  • V. Warrier

    (University of Cambridge)

  • E. Westman

    (Karolinska Institutet)

  • M. L. Westwater

    (University of Cambridge)

  • H. C. Whalley

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • A. V. Witte

    (Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences
    University of Leipzig Medical Center
    CRC 1052 ‘Obesity Mechanisms’, University of Leipzig)

  • N. Yang

    (Beijing Normal University
    Beijing Normal University
    National Basic Science Data Center
    Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • B. Yeo

    (National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore)

  • H. Yun

    (Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School)

  • A. Zalesky

    (University of Melbourne
    University of Melbourne)

  • H. J. Zar

    (Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, SA-MRC Unit on Child & Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town)

  • A. Zettergren

    (Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, Centre for Ageing and Health (AGECAP) at the University of Gothenburg)

  • J. H. Zhou

    (National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore
    National University of Singapore)

  • H. Ziauddeen

    (University of Cambridge
    Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust
    University of Cambridge)

  • A. Zugman

    (National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INPD)
    National Institutes of Health (NIH)
    Escola Paulista de Medicina)

  • X. N. Zuo

    (Beijing Normal University
    Beijing Normal University
    National Basic Science Data Center
    Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • E. T. Bullmore

    (University of Cambridge)

  • A. F. Alexander-Bloch

    (University of Pennsylvania
    The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
    The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine)

Abstract

Over the past few decades, neuroimaging has become a ubiquitous tool in basic research and clinical studies of the human brain. However, no reference standards currently exist to quantify individual differences in neuroimaging metrics over time, in contrast to growth charts for anthropometric traits such as height and weight1. Here we assemble an interactive open resource to benchmark brain morphology derived from any current or future sample of MRI data ( http://www.brainchart.io/ ). With the goal of basing these reference charts on the largest and most inclusive dataset available, acknowledging limitations due to known biases of MRI studies relative to the diversity of the global population, we aggregated 123,984 MRI scans, across more than 100 primary studies, from 101,457 human participants between 115 days post-conception to 100 years of age. MRI metrics were quantified by centile scores, relative to non-linear trajectories2 of brain structural changes, and rates of change, over the lifespan. Brain charts identified previously unreported neurodevelopmental milestones3, showed high stability of individuals across longitudinal assessments, and demonstrated robustness to technical and methodological differences between primary studies. Centile scores showed increased heritability compared with non-centiled MRI phenotypes, and provided a standardized measure of atypical brain structure that revealed patterns of neuroanatomical variation across neurological and psychiatric disorders. In summary, brain charts are an essential step towards robust quantification of individual variation benchmarked to normative trajectories in multiple, commonly used neuroimaging phenotypes.

Suggested Citation

  • R. A. I. Bethlehem & J. Seidlitz & S. R. White & J. W. Vogel & K. M. Anderson & C. Adamson & S. Adler & G. S. Alexopoulos & E. Anagnostou & A. Areces-Gonzalez & D. E. Astle & B. Auyeung & M. Ayub & J., 2022. "Brain charts for the human lifespan," Nature, Nature, vol. 604(7906), pages 525-533, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:604:y:2022:i:7906:d:10.1038_s41586-022-04554-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04554-y
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    1. Jorge Arede & John F. T. Fernandes & Wolfgang I. Schöllhorn & Nuno Leite, 2022. "Differential Repeated Sprinting Training in Youth Basketball Players: An Analysis of Effects According to Maturity Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-15, September.

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