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High-frequency and intrinsically stretchable polymer diodes

Author

Listed:
  • Naoji Matsuhisa

    (Stanford University
    Nanyang Technological University
    Keio University
    Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO)

  • Simiao Niu

    (Stanford University)

  • Stephen J. K. O’Neill

    (Stanford University)

  • Jiheong Kang

    (Stanford University)

  • Yuto Ochiai

    (Stanford University)

  • Toru Katsumata

    (Stanford University
    Asahi Kasei Corporation)

  • Hung-Chin Wu

    (Stanford University)

  • Minoru Ashizawa

    (Stanford University
    Tokyo Institute of Technology)

  • Ging-Ji Nathan Wang

    (Stanford University)

  • Donglai Zhong

    (Stanford University)

  • Xuelin Wang

    (Stanford University
    Beihang University)

  • Xiwen Gong

    (Stanford University)

  • Rui Ning

    (Stanford University)

  • Huaxin Gong

    (Stanford University)

  • Insang You

    (Stanford University)

  • Yu Zheng

    (Stanford University)

  • Zhitao Zhang

    (Stanford University)

  • Jeffrey B.-H. Tok

    (Stanford University)

  • Xiaodong Chen

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Zhenan Bao

    (Stanford University)

Abstract

Skin-like intrinsically stretchable soft electronic devices are essential to realize next-generation remote and preventative medicine for advanced personal healthcare1–4. The recent development of intrinsically stretchable conductors and semiconductors has enabled highly mechanically robust and skin-conformable electronic circuits or optoelectronic devices2,5–10. However, their operating frequencies have been limited to less than 100 hertz, which is much lower than that required for many applications. Here we report intrinsically stretchable diodes—based on stretchable organic and nanomaterials—capable of operating at a frequency as high as 13.56 megahertz. This operating frequency is high enough for the wireless operation of soft sensors and electrochromic display pixels using radiofrequency identification in which the base-carrier frequency is 6.78 megahertz or 13.56 megahertz. This was achieved through a combination of rational material design and device engineering. Specifically, we developed a stretchable anode, cathode, semiconductor and current collector that can satisfy the strict requirements for high-frequency operation. Finally, we show the operational feasibility of our diode by integrating it with a stretchable sensor, electrochromic display pixel and antenna to realize a stretchable wireless tag. This work is an important step towards enabling enhanced functionalities and capabilities for skin-like wearable electronics.

Suggested Citation

  • Naoji Matsuhisa & Simiao Niu & Stephen J. K. O’Neill & Jiheong Kang & Yuto Ochiai & Toru Katsumata & Hung-Chin Wu & Minoru Ashizawa & Ging-Ji Nathan Wang & Donglai Zhong & Xuelin Wang & Xiwen Gong & R, 2021. "High-frequency and intrinsically stretchable polymer diodes," Nature, Nature, vol. 600(7888), pages 246-252, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:600:y:2021:i:7888:d:10.1038_s41586-021-04053-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04053-6
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Junpeng Zeng & Daowei He & Jingsi Qiao & Yating Li & Li Sun & Weisheng Li & Jiacheng Xie & Si Gao & Lijia Pan & Peng Wang & Yong Xu & Yun Li & Hao Qiu & Yi Shi & Jian-Bin Xu & Wei Ji & Xinran Wang, 2023. "Ultralow contact resistance in organic transistors via orbital hybridization," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Yang Li & Nan Li & Wei Liu & Aleksander Prominski & Seounghun Kang & Yahao Dai & Youdi Liu & Huawei Hu & Shinya Wai & Shilei Dai & Zhe Cheng & Qi Su & Ping Cheng & Chen Wei & Lihua Jin & Jeffrey A. Hu, 2023. "Achieving tissue-level softness on stretchable electronics through a generalizable soft interlayer design," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Nan Gan & Xin Zou & Zhao Qian & Anqi Lv & Lan Wang & Huili Ma & Hu-Jun Qian & Long Gu & Zhongfu An & Wei Huang, 2024. "Stretchable phosphorescent polymers by multiphase engineering," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    4. Hung-Chin Wu & Shayla Nikzad & Chenxin Zhu & Hongping Yan & Yang Li & Weijun Niu & James R. Matthews & Jie Xu & Naoji Matsuhisa & Prajwal Kammardi Arunachala & Reza Rastak & Christian Linder & Yu-Qing, 2023. "Highly stretchable polymer semiconductor thin films with multi-modal energy dissipation and high relative stretchability," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    5. Jiachen Wang & Yuto Ochiai & Niannian Wu & Kiyohiro Adachi & Daishi Inoue & Daisuke Hashizume & Desheng Kong & Naoji Matsuhisa & Tomoyuki Yokota & Qiang Wu & Wei Ma & Lulu Sun & Sixing Xiong & Baocai , 2024. "Intrinsically stretchable organic photovoltaics by redistributing strain to PEDOT:PSS with enhanced stretchability and interfacial adhesion," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.

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