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Self-assembled poly-catenanes from supramolecular toroidal building blocks

Author

Listed:
  • Sougata Datta

    (Chiba University)

  • Yasuki Kato

    (Chiba University)

  • Seiya Higashiharaguchi

    (Chiba University)

  • Keisuke Aratsu

    (Chiba University)

  • Atsushi Isobe

    (Chiba University)

  • Takuho Saito

    (Chiba University)

  • Deepak D. Prabhu

    (Chiba University)

  • Yuichi Kitamoto

    (Chiba University)

  • Martin J. Hollamby

    (Keele University)

  • Andrew J. Smith

    (Diamond House)

  • Robert Dalgliesh

    (Rutherford Appleton Laboratory)

  • Najet Mahmoudi

    (Rutherford Appleton Laboratory)

  • Luca Pesce

    (University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland)

  • Claudio Perego

    (University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland)

  • Giovanni M. Pavan

    (University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland
    Politecnico di Torino)

  • Shiki Yagai

    (Chiba University
    Chiba University
    Chiba University)

Abstract

Mechanical interlocking of molecules (catenation) is a nontrivial challenge in modern synthetic chemistry and materials science1,2. One strategy to achieve catenation is the design of pre-annular molecules that are capable of both efficient cyclization and of pre-organizing another precursor to engage in subsequent interlocking3–9. This task is particularly difficult when the annular target is composed of a large ensemble of molecules, that is, when it is a supramolecular assembly. However, the construction of such unprecedented assemblies would enable the visualization of nontrivial nanotopologies through microscopy techniques, which would not only satisfy academic curiosity but also pave the way to the development of materials with nanotopology-derived properties. Here we report the synthesis of such a nanotopology using fibrous supramolecular assemblies with intrinsic curvature. Using a solvent-mixing strategy, we kinetically organized a molecule that can elongate into toroids with a radius of about 13 nanometres. Atomic force microscopy on the resulting nanoscale toroids revealed a high percentage of catenation, which is sufficient to yield ‘nanolympiadane’10, a nanoscale catenane composed of five interlocked toroids. Spectroscopic and theoretical studies suggested that this unusually high degree of catenation stems from the secondary nucleation of the precursor molecules around the toroids. By modifying the self-assembly protocol to promote ring closure and secondary nucleation, a maximum catenation number of 22 was confirmed by atomic force microscopy.

Suggested Citation

  • Sougata Datta & Yasuki Kato & Seiya Higashiharaguchi & Keisuke Aratsu & Atsushi Isobe & Takuho Saito & Deepak D. Prabhu & Yuichi Kitamoto & Martin J. Hollamby & Andrew J. Smith & Robert Dalgliesh & Na, 2020. "Self-assembled poly-catenanes from supramolecular toroidal building blocks," Nature, Nature, vol. 583(7816), pages 400-405, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:583:y:2020:i:7816:d:10.1038_s41586-020-2445-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2445-z
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Joseph F. Woods & Lucía Gallego & Amira Maisch & Dominik Renggli & Corrado Cuocci & Olivier Blacque & Gunther Steinfeld & Andres Kaech & Bernhard Spingler & Andreas Vargas Jentzsch & Michel Rickhaus, 2023. "Saddles as rotational locks within shape-assisted self-assembled nanosheets," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Nils Bäumer & Eduardo Castellanos & Bartolome Soberats & Gustavo Fernández, 2023. "Bioinspired crowding directs supramolecular polymerisation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Srinu Kotha & Rahul Sahu & Aditya Chandrakant Yadav & Preeti Sharma & B. V. V. S. Pavan Kumar & Sandeep K. Reddy & Kotagiri Venkata Rao, 2024. "Noncovalent synthesis of homo and hetero-architectures of supramolecular polymers via secondary nucleation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.

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