Author
Listed:
- Yuming Chen
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Fujian Normal University)
- Ziqiang Wang
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
- Xiaoyan Li
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Fujian Normal University
The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)
- Xiahui Yao
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
- Chao Wang
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
- Yutao Li
(The University of Texas at Austin
The University of Texas at Austin)
- Weijiang Xue
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
- Daiwei Yu
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
- So Yeon Kim
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
- Fei Yang
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
- Akihiro Kushima
(University of Central Florida)
- Guoge Zhang
(The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)
- Haitao Huang
(The Hong Kong Polytechnic University)
- Nan Wu
(The University of Texas at Austin
The University of Texas at Austin)
- Yiu-Wing Mai
(The University of Sydney)
- John B. Goodenough
(The University of Texas at Austin
The University of Texas at Austin)
- Ju Li
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
Abstract
Solid-state lithium metal batteries require accommodation of electrochemically generated mechanical stress inside the lithium: this stress can be1,2 up to 1 gigapascal for an overpotential of 135 millivolts. Maintaining the mechanical and electrochemical stability of the solid structure despite physical contact with moving corrosive lithium metal is a demanding requirement. Using in situ transmission electron microscopy, we investigated the deposition and stripping of metallic lithium or sodium held within a large number of parallel hollow tubules made of a mixed ionic-electronic conductor (MIEC). Here we show that these alkali metals—as single crystals—can grow out of and retract inside the tubules via mainly diffusional Coble creep along the MIEC/metal phase boundary. Unlike solid electrolytes, many MIECs are electrochemically stable in contact with lithium (that is, there is a direct tie-line to metallic lithium on the equilibrium phase diagram), so this Coble creep mechanism can effectively relieve stress, maintain electronic and ionic contacts, eliminate solid-electrolyte interphase debris, and allow the reversible deposition/stripping of lithium across a distance of 10 micrometres for 100 cycles. A centimetre-wide full cell—consisting of approximately 1010 MIEC cylinders/solid electrolyte/LiFePO4—shows a high capacity of about 164 milliampere hours per gram of LiFePO4, and almost no degradation for over 50 cycles, starting with a 1× excess of Li. Modelling shows that the design is insensitive to MIEC material choice with channels about 100 nanometres wide and 10–100 micrometres deep. The behaviour of lithium metal within the MIEC channels suggests that the chemical and mechanical stability issues with the metal–electrolyte interface in solid-state lithium metal batteries can be overcome using this architecture.
Suggested Citation
Yuming Chen & Ziqiang Wang & Xiaoyan Li & Xiahui Yao & Chao Wang & Yutao Li & Weijiang Xue & Daiwei Yu & So Yeon Kim & Fei Yang & Akihiro Kushima & Guoge Zhang & Haitao Huang & Nan Wu & Yiu-Wing Mai &, 2020.
"Li metal deposition and stripping in a solid-state battery via Coble creep,"
Nature, Nature, vol. 578(7794), pages 251-255, February.
Handle:
RePEc:nat:nature:v:578:y:2020:i:7794:d:10.1038_s41586-020-1972-y
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-1972-y
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Citations
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Cited by:
- Haowen Gao & Xin Ai & Hongchun Wang & Wangqin Li & Ping Wei & Yong Cheng & Siwei Gui & Hui Yang & Yong Yang & Ming-Sheng Wang, 2022.
"Visualizing the failure of solid electrolyte under GPa-level interface stress induced by lithium eruption,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
- Yuruo Qi & Qing-Jie Li & Yuanke Wu & Shu-juan Bao & Changming Li & Yuming Chen & Guoxiu Wang & Maowen Xu, 2021.
"A Fe3N/carbon composite electrocatalyst for effective polysulfides regulation in room-temperature Na-S batteries,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.
- Kwang Hee Kim & Myung-Jin Lee & Minje Ryu & Tae-Kyung Liu & Jung Hwan Lee & Changhoon Jung & Ju-Sik Kim & Jong Hyeok Park, 2024.
"Near-strain-free anode architecture enabled by interfacial diffusion creep for initial-anode-free quasi-solid-state batteries,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
- Ju-Sik Kim & Gabin Yoon & Sewon Kim & Shoichi Sugata & Nobuyoshi Yashiro & Shinya Suzuki & Myung-Jin Lee & Ryounghee Kim & Michael Badding & Zhen Song & JaeMyung Chang & Dongmin Im, 2023.
"Surface engineering of inorganic solid-state electrolytes via interlayers strategy for developing long-cycling quasi-all-solid-state lithium batteries,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
- Menghao Yang & Yunsheng Liu & Yifei Mo, 2023.
"Lithium crystallization at solid interfaces,"
Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
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