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Real-time observation of valence electron motion

Author

Listed:
  • Eleftherios Goulielmakis

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany)

  • Zhi-Heng Loh

    (University of California
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

  • Adrian Wirth

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany)

  • Robin Santra

    (Argonne National Laboratory
    University of Chicago)

  • Nina Rohringer

    (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory)

  • Vladislav S. Yakovlev

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany)

  • Sergey Zherebtsov

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany)

  • Thomas Pfeifer

    (University of California
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    Present address: Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.)

  • Abdallah M. Azzeer

    (King Saud University)

  • Matthias F. Kling

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany)

  • Stephen R. Leone

    (University of California
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory)

  • Ferenc Krausz

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany
    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Am Coulombwall 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany)

Abstract

Attosecond snapshots of valence electrons Chemical reactions are triggered by the dynamics of valence electrons in molecular orbitals. These motions typically unfold on a subfemtosecond scale and have eluded real-time access until now. Attosecond spectroscopy (an attosecond is 10−18 seconds), first applied to tracking electronic transitions from one quantum state to another, has now been extended to follow the hyperfast (subfemtosecond) motion of electron wavepackets in the valence shell — the bond-forming electrons — of krypton ions. This first proof-of-principle demonstration uses a simple system, but the expectation is that attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy of this type will ultimately reveal the elementary electron motions in molecules and solid-state materials that determine physical, chemical and biological properties.

Suggested Citation

  • Eleftherios Goulielmakis & Zhi-Heng Loh & Adrian Wirth & Robin Santra & Nina Rohringer & Vladislav S. Yakovlev & Sergey Zherebtsov & Thomas Pfeifer & Abdallah M. Azzeer & Matthias F. Kling & Stephen R, 2010. "Real-time observation of valence electron motion," Nature, Nature, vol. 466(7307), pages 739-743, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:466:y:2010:i:7307:d:10.1038_nature09212
    DOI: 10.1038/nature09212
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    Cited by:

    1. Yudong Yang & Roland E. Mainz & Giulio Maria Rossi & Fabian Scheiba & Miguel A. Silva-Toledo & Phillip D. Keathley & Giovanni Cirmi & Franz X. Kärtner, 2021. "Strong-field coherent control of isolated attosecond pulse generation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Lixin He & Siqi Sun & Pengfei Lan & Yanqing He & Bincheng Wang & Pu Wang & Xiaosong Zhu & Liang Li & Wei Cao & Peixiang Lu & C. D. Lin, 2022. "Filming movies of attosecond charge migration in single molecules with high harmonic spectroscopy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Li Wang & Guangru Bai & Xiaowei Wang & Jing Zhao & Cheng Gao & Jiacan Wang & Fan Xiao & Wenkai Tao & Pan Song & Qianyu Qiu & Jinlei Liu & Zengxiu Zhao, 2024. "Raman time-delay in attosecond transient absorption of strong-field created krypton vacancy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.

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