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Bose–Einstein condensation of excitons in bilayer electron systems

Author

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  • J. P. Eisenstein

    (California Institute of Technology)

  • A. H. MacDonald

    (University of Texas)

Abstract

An exciton is the particle-like entity that forms when an electron is bound to a positively charged ‘hole’. An ordered electronic state in which excitons condense into a single quantum state was proposed as a theoretical possibility many years ago. We review recent studies of semiconductor bilayer systems that provide clear evidence for this phenomenon and explain why exciton condensation in the quantum Hall regime, where these experiments were performed, is as likely to occur in electron–electron bilayers as in electron–hole bilayers. In current quantum Hall excitonic condensates, disorder induces mobile vortices that flow in response to a supercurrent and limit the extremely large bilayer counterflow conductivity.

Suggested Citation

  • J. P. Eisenstein & A. H. MacDonald, 2004. "Bose–Einstein condensation of excitons in bilayer electron systems," Nature, Nature, vol. 432(7018), pages 691-694, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:432:y:2004:i:7018:d:10.1038_nature03081
    DOI: 10.1038/nature03081
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    Cited by:

    1. Yekai Song & Chunjing Jia & Hongyu Xiong & Binbin Wang & Zhicheng Jiang & Kui Huang & Jinwoong Hwang & Zhuojun Li & Choongyu Hwang & Zhongkai Liu & Dawei Shen & Jonathan A. Sobota & Patrick Kirchmann , 2023. "Signatures of the exciton gas phase and its condensation in monolayer 1T-ZrTe2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    2. Meng Zhao & Zhongjie Wang & Lu Liu & Chunzheng Wang & Cheng-Yen Liu & Fang Yang & Hua Wu & Chunlei Gao, 2024. "Atomic-scale visualization of the interlayer Rydberg exciton complex in moiré heterostructures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Lijun Zhu & Xiaoqiang Liu & Lin Li & Xinyi Wan & Ran Tao & Zhongniu Xie & Ji Feng & Changgan Zeng, 2023. "Signature of quantum interference effect in inter-layer Coulomb drag in graphene-based electronic double-layer systems," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    4. Zhen Lian & Dongxue Chen & Lei Ma & Yuze Meng & Ying Su & Li Yan & Xiong Huang & Qiran Wu & Xinyue Chen & Mark Blei & Takashi Taniguchi & Kenji Watanabe & Sefaattin Tongay & Chuanwei Zhang & Yong-Tao , 2023. "Quadrupolar excitons and hybridized interlayer Mott insulator in a trilayer moiré superlattice," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    5. Qiang Gao & Yang-hao Chan & Yuzhe Wang & Haotian Zhang & Pu Jinxu & Shengtao Cui & Yichen Yang & Zhengtai Liu & Dawei Shen & Zhe Sun & Juan Jiang & Tai C. Chiang & Peng Chen, 2023. "Evidence of high-temperature exciton condensation in a two-dimensional semimetal," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.

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