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The long-term carbon cycle, fossil fuels and atmospheric composition

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  • Robert A. Berner

    (Yale University)

Abstract

The long-term carbon cycle operates over millions of years and involves the exchange of carbon between rocks and the Earth's surface. There are many complex feedback pathways between carbon burial, nutrient cycling, atmospheric carbon dioxide and oxygen, and climate. New calculations of carbon fluxes during the Phanerozoic eon (the past 550 million years) illustrate how the long-term carbon cycle has affected the burial of organic matter and fossil-fuel formation, as well as the evolution of atmospheric composition.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert A. Berner, 2003. "The long-term carbon cycle, fossil fuels and atmospheric composition," Nature, Nature, vol. 426(6964), pages 323-326, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:426:y:2003:i:6964:d:10.1038_nature02131
    DOI: 10.1038/nature02131
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    Cited by:

    1. Valero, Antonio & Agudelo, Andrés & Valero, Alicia, 2011. "The crepuscular planet. A model for the exhausted atmosphere and hydrosphere," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(6), pages 3745-3753.
    2. Stephen G. Wiedemann & Quan V. Nguyen & Simon J. Clarke, 2022. "Using LCA and Circularity Indicators to Measure the Sustainability of Textiles—Examples of Renewable and Non-Renewable Fibres," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Guo, Fuxing & Wang, Yanping & Zhu, Haoyong & Zhang, Chuangye & Sun, Haowei & Fang, Zhuling & Yang, Jing & Zhang, Linsen & Mu, Yan & Man, Yu Bon & Wu, Fuyong, 2023. "Crop productivity and soil inorganic carbon change mediated by enhanced rock weathering in farmland: A comparative field analysis of multi-agroclimatic regions in central China," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    4. Y.-H. Percival Zhang & Jonathan R. Mielenz, 2011. "Renewable Hydrogen Carrier — Carbohydrate: Constructing the Carbon-Neutral Carbohydrate Economy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-22, January.
    5. Ilaria Perissi & Alessandro Lavacchi & Ugo Bardi, 2021. "The Role of Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROEI) in Complex Adaptive Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-15, December.
    6. Virendra Bahadur Singh & A. K. Keshari & AL. Ramanathan, 2020. "Major ion chemistry and atmospheric CO2 consumption deduced from the Batal glacier, Lahaul–Spiti valley, Western Himalaya, India," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 22(7), pages 6585-6603, October.
    7. Caleb Wright & Roger Sathre & Shashi Buluswar, 2020. "The global challenge of clean cooking systems," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 12(6), pages 1219-1240, December.
    8. Aki Koskela & Hannu Suopajärvi & Olli Mattila & Juha Uusitalo & Timo Fabritius, 2019. "Lignin from Bioethanol Production as a Part of a Raw Material Blend of a Metallurgical Coke," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-19, April.
    9. Hermann, Weston A., 2006. "Quantifying global exergy resources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(12), pages 1685-1702.
    10. Tjerk Zitscher & Martin Kaltschmitt, 2024. "Sustainable Carbon Utilization for a Climate-Neutral Economy–Framework Necessities and Assessment Criteria," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-24, August.
    11. Lewis E. Gilbert, 2004. "Strategies for Developing Carbon Sequestration Portfolios," Energy & Environment, , vol. 15(5), pages 825-835, September.
    12. Alexandru Milcu & Martin Lukac & Phil Ineson, 2012. "The role of closed ecological systems in carbon cycle modelling," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 112(3), pages 709-716, June.

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