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Self-regeneration of a Pd-perovskite catalyst for automotive emissions control

Author

Listed:
  • Y. Nishihata

    (Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute)

  • J. Mizuki

    (Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute)

  • T. Akao

    (Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute
    Tottori University)

  • H. Tanaka

    (Technical Center, Daihatsu Motor Co. Ltd)

  • M. Uenishi

    (Technical Center, Daihatsu Motor Co. Ltd)

  • M. Kimura

    (Toyota Central R&D Laboratories Inc.
    Tokyo University of Science)

  • T. Okamoto

    (Toyota Central R&D Laboratories Inc.
    Chubu University)

  • N. Hamada

    (Tokyo University of Science)

Abstract

Catalytic converters are widely used to reduce the amounts of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons in automotive emissions. The catalysts are finely divided precious-metal particles dispersed on a solid support. During vehicle use, the converter is exposed to heat, which causes the metal particles to agglomerate and grow, and their overall surface area to decrease. As a result, catalyst activity deteriorates. The problem has been exacerbated in recent years by the trend to install catalytic converters closer to the engine, which ensures immediate activation of the catalyst on engine start-up, but also places demanding requirements on the catalyst's heat resistance. Conventional catalyst systems thus incorporate a sufficient excess of precious metal to guarantee continuous catalytic activity for vehicle use over 50,000 miles (80,000 km). Here we use X-ray diffraction and absorption to show that LaFe0.57Co0.38Pd0.05O3, one of the perovskite-based catalysts investigated1,2,3,4 for catalytic converter applications since the early 1970s, retains its high metal dispersion owing to structural responses to the fluctuations in exhaust-gas composition that occur in state-of-the-art petrol engines5. We find that as the catalyst is cycled between oxidative and reductive atmospheres typically encountered in exhaust gas, palladium (Pd) reversibly moves into and out of the perovskite lattice. This movement appears to suppress the growth of metallic Pd particles, and hence explains the retention of high catalyst activity during long-term use and ageing.

Suggested Citation

  • Y. Nishihata & J. Mizuki & T. Akao & H. Tanaka & M. Uenishi & M. Kimura & T. Okamoto & N. Hamada, 2002. "Self-regeneration of a Pd-perovskite catalyst for automotive emissions control," Nature, Nature, vol. 418(6894), pages 164-167, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:418:y:2002:i:6894:d:10.1038_nature00893
    DOI: 10.1038/nature00893
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    Cited by:

    1. Vecino-Mantilla, Sebastian & Zignani, Sabrina C. & Vannier, Rose-Noëlle & Aricò, Antonino S. & Lo Faro, Massimiliano, 2022. "Insights on a Ruddlesden-Popper phase as an active layer for a solid oxide fuel cell fed with dry biogas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 784-792.
    2. Roy, Sounak & Hegde, M.S. & Madras, Giridhar, 2009. "Catalysis for NOx abatement," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(11), pages 2283-2297, November.
    3. Shengtai Hou & Xuefeng Ma & Yuan Shu & Jiafeng Bao & Qiuyue Zhang & Mingshu Chen & Pengfei Zhang & Sheng Dai, 2021. "Self-regeneration of supported transition metals by a high entropy-driven principle," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Janis Timoshenko & Clara Rettenmaier & Dorottya Hursán & Martina Rüscher & Eduardo Ortega & Antonia Herzog & Timon Wagner & Arno Bergmann & Uta Hejral & Aram Yoon & Andrea Martini & Eric Liberra & Mar, 2024. "Reversible metal cluster formation on Nitrogen-doped carbon controlling electrocatalyst particle size with subnanometer accuracy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    5. Min Xu & Yukwon Jeon & Aaron Naden & Heesu Kim & Gwilherm Kerherve & David J. Payne & Yong-gun Shul & John T. S. Irvine, 2024. "Synergistic growth of nickel and platinum nanoparticles via exsolution and surface reaction," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    6. Robayo, Manuel D. & Beaman, Ben & Hughes, Billy & Delose, Brittany & Orlovskaya, Nina & Chen, Ruey-Hung, 2014. "Perovskite catalysts enhanced combustion on porous media," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 477-486.
    7. Bo-Wen Zhang & Meng-Nan Zhu & Min-Rui Gao & Xiuan Xi & Nanqi Duan & Zhou Chen & Ren-Fei Feng & Hongbo Zeng & Jing-Li Luo, 2022. "Boosting the stability of perovskites with exsolved nanoparticles by B-site supplement mechanism," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.

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