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Out of Africa again and again

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  • Alan Templeton

    (Washington University)

Abstract

The publication of a haplotype tree of human mitochondrial DNA variation in 1987 provoked a controversy about the details of recent human evolution that continues to this day. Now many haplotype trees are available, and new analytical techniques exist for testing hypotheses about recent evolutionary history using haplotype trees. Here I present formal statistical analysis of human haplotype trees for mitochondrial DNA, Y-chromosomal DNA, two X-linked regions and six autosomal regions. A coherent picture of recent human evolution emerges with two major themes. First is the dominant role that Africa has played in shaping the modern human gene pool through at least two—not one—major expansions after the original range extension of Homo erectus out of Africa. Second is the ubiquity of genetic interchange between human populations, both in terms of recurrent gene flow constrained by geographical distance and of major population expansion events resulting in interbreeding, not replacement.

Suggested Citation

  • Alan Templeton, 2002. "Out of Africa again and again," Nature, Nature, vol. 416(6876), pages 45-51, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:416:y:2002:i:6876:d:10.1038_416045a
    DOI: 10.1038/416045a
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    Cited by:

    1. Bryan T Weinstein & Maxim O Lavrentovich & Wolfram Möbius & Andrew W Murray & David R Nelson, 2017. "Genetic drift and selection in many-allele range expansions," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(12), pages 1-31, December.
    2. Boone, Christophe & Olffen, Woody,van & Witteloostuijn, Arjen,van, 2003. "The genesis of top management team diversity : selective Turnover among Top Management Teams in the Dutch Newspaper Publisher Industry (1970-1994)," Research Memorandum 036, Maastricht University, Maastricht Research School of Economics of Technology and Organization (METEOR).
    3. Victor Zitian Chen & John Cantwell, 2022. "An evolutionary view of institutional complexity," Journal of Evolutionary Economics, Springer, vol. 32(3), pages 1071-1090, July.
    4. Hallatschek, Oskar & Nelson, David R., 2008. "Gene surfing in expanding populations," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 73(1), pages 158-170.
    5. Boone, C.A.J.J. & van Witteloostuijn, A. & van Olffen, W. & de Brabander, B., 2003. "The Genesis of top management team diversity : selective turnover among top management teams in the Dutch newspaper publisher industry (1970-1994)," Research Memorandum 006, Maastricht University, Maastricht Research School of Economics of Technology and Organization (METEOR).

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