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Isochorismate synthase is required to synthesize salicylic acid for plant defence

Author

Listed:
  • Mary C. Wildermuth

    (Harvard Medical School
    Massachusetts General Hospital)

  • Julia Dewdney

    (Harvard Medical School
    Massachusetts General Hospital)

  • Gang Wu

    (Michtom School of Computer Science, Brandeis University
    Strong Systems)

  • Frederick M. Ausubel

    (Harvard Medical School
    Massachusetts General Hospital)

Abstract

Salicylic acid (SA) mediates plant defences against pathogens, accumulating in both infected and distal leaves in response to pathogen attack1,2,3,4,5. Pathogenesis-related gene expression and the synthesis of defensive compounds associated with both local and systemic acquired resistance (LAR and SAR) in plants require SA. In Arabidopsis, exogenous application of SA suffices to establish SAR, resulting in enhanced resistance to a variety of pathogens. However, despite its importance in plant defence against pathogens, SA biosynthesis is not well defined. Previous work has suggested that plants synthesize SA from phenylalanine6,7,8,9,10; however, SA could still be produced when this pathway was inhibited6,8, and the specific activity of radiolabelled SA in feeding experiments was often lower than expected7,8. Some bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa synthesize SA using isochorismate synthase (ICS) and pyruvate lyase11. Here we show, by cloning and characterizing an Arabidopsis defence-related gene (SID2) defined by mutation, that SA is synthesized from chorismate by means of ICS, and that SA made by this pathway is required for LAR and SAR responses.

Suggested Citation

  • Mary C. Wildermuth & Julia Dewdney & Gang Wu & Frederick M. Ausubel, 2001. "Isochorismate synthase is required to synthesize salicylic acid for plant defence," Nature, Nature, vol. 414(6863), pages 562-565, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:414:y:2001:i:6863:d:10.1038_35107108
    DOI: 10.1038/35107108
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    Cited by:

    1. Deepak D. Bhandari & Dae Kwan Ko & Sang-Jin Kim & Kinya Nomura & Sheng Yang He & Federica Brandizzi, 2023. "Defense against phytopathogens relies on efficient antimicrobial protein secretion mediated by the microtubule-binding protein TGNap1," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Muhammad Awais Zahid & Nam Phuong Kieu & Frida Meijer Carlsen & Marit Lenman & Naga Charan Konakalla & Huanjie Yang & Sunmoon Jyakhwa & Jozef Mravec & Ramesh Vetukuri & Bent Larsen Petersen & Svante R, 2024. "Enhanced stress resilience in potato by deletion of Parakletos," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    3. Conner J. Rogan & Yin-Yuin Pang & Sophie D. Mathews & Sydney E. Turner & Alexandra J. Weisberg & Silke Lehmann & Doris Rentsch & Jeffrey C. Anderson, 2024. "Transporter-mediated depletion of extracellular proline directly contributes to plant pattern-triggered immunity against a bacterial pathogen," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Srivathsa C Venugopal & Rae-Dong Jeong & Mihir K Mandal & Shifeng Zhu & A C Chandra-Shekara & Ye Xia & Matthew Hersh & Arnold J Stromberg & DuRoy Navarre & Aardra Kachroo & Pradeep Kachroo, 2009. "Enhanced Disease Susceptibility 1 and Salicylic Acid Act Redundantly to Regulate Resistance Gene-Mediated Signaling," PLOS Genetics, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(7), pages 1-18, July.
    5. Ameneh Asadi-Sardari & Esmat Mahdikhani-Moghadam & Mohammad Zaki-Aghl & Ramesh Raju Vetukuri, 2022. "Constitutive and Inducible Expression of Genes Related to Salicylic Acid and Ethylene Pathways in a Moderately Resistant Tomato Cultivar Leads to Delayed Development of Meloidogyne javanica," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-22, December.

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