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Entanglement purification for quantum communication

Author

Listed:
  • Jian-Wei Pan

    (Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Wien)

  • Christoph Simon

    (Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Wien
    University of Oxford)

  • Časlav Brukner

    (Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Wien)

  • Anton Zeilinger

    (Institut für Experimentalphysik, Universität Wien)

Abstract

The distribution of entangled states between distant locations will be essential for the future large-scale realization of quantum communication schemes such as quantum cryptography1,2 and quantum teleportation3. Because of unavoidable noise in the quantum communication channel, the entanglement between two particles is more and more degraded the further they propagate. Entanglement purification4,5,6,7 is thus essential to distil highly entangled states from less entangled ones. Existing general purification protocols4,5,6 are based on the quantum controlled-NOT (CNOT) or similar quantum logic operations, which are very difficult to implement experimentally. Present realizations of CNOT gates are much too imperfect to be useful for long-distance quantum communication8. Here we present a scheme for the entanglement purification of general mixed entangled states, which achieves 50 per cent of the success probability of schemes based on the CNOT operation, but requires only simple linear optical elements. Because the perfection of such elements is very high, the local operations necessary for purification can be performed with the required precision. Our procedure is within the reach of current technology, and should significantly simplify the implementation of long-distance quantum communication.

Suggested Citation

  • Jian-Wei Pan & Christoph Simon & Časlav Brukner & Anton Zeilinger, 2001. "Entanglement purification for quantum communication," Nature, Nature, vol. 410(6832), pages 1067-1070, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:410:y:2001:i:6832:d:10.1038_35074041
    DOI: 10.1038/35074041
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    Cited by:

    1. Peng, Jia-yin & Liu, Miao & Yang, Zhen & Tang, Liang & Tang, Jiang-gang, 2023. "Double-direction cyclic controlled quantum communication of single-particle states," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 632(P1).
    2. Seida, C. & Seddik, S. & Hassouni, Y. & Allati, A. El, 2022. "Memory effects on bidirectional teleportation," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 606(C).
    3. Yang, Ming & Song, Wei & Cao, Zhuo-Liang, 2004. "Entanglement distillation for atomic states via cavity QED," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 341(C), pages 251-261.
    4. Yang, Ming & Cao, Zhuo-Liang, 2004. "Entanglement distillation for W class states," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 337(1), pages 141-148.
    5. Zhang, Li-Hua & Yang, Ming & Cao, Zhuo-Liang, 2007. "Entanglement concentration for unknown W class states," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 374(2), pages 611-616.

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