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Science's new social contract with society

Author

Listed:
  • Michael Gibbons

    (Science Policy Research Unit at the University of Sussex
    Association of Commonwealth Universities)

Abstract

Under the prevailing contract between science and society, science has been expected to produce ‘reliable’ knowledge, provided merely that it communicates its discoveries to society. A new contract must now ensure that scientific knowledge is ‘socially robust’, and that its production is seen by society to be both transparent and participative.

Suggested Citation

  • Michael Gibbons, 1999. "Science's new social contract with society," Nature, Nature, vol. 402(6761), pages 81-84, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:402:y:1999:i:6761:d:10.1038_35011576
    DOI: 10.1038/35011576
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    Cited by:

    1. Scarrà, Deepa & Piccaluga, Andrea, 2022. "The impact of technology transfer and knowledge spillover from Big Science: a literature review," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    2. Arnott, James C., 2021. "Pens and purse strings: Exploring the opportunities and limits to funding actionable sustainability science," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(10).
    3. Saurabh Biswas & Clark A. Miller, 2022. "Deconstructing knowledge and reconstructing understanding: Designing a knowledge architecture for transdisciplinary co‐creation of energy futures," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(2), pages 293-308, April.
    4. Cash, David & Clark, William, 2001. "From Science to Policy: Assessing the Assessment Process," Working Paper Series rwp01-045, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
    5. IONESCU, Gabriela-Mariana, 2020. "Principles Of Social Justice In Romanian Constitution," Journal of Financial and Monetary Economics, Centre of Financial and Monetary Research "Victor Slavescu", vol. 8(1), pages 53-62, October.
    6. Engbers, Moritz, 2022. "Understanding and shaping spatial transformation processes through transdisciplinary case studies," Forschungsberichte der ARL: Aufsätze, in: Spatial transformation: Processes, strategies, research design, volume 19, pages 191-200, ARL – Akademie für Raumentwicklung in der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft.
    7. Kaplan, Leah R. & Farooque, Mahmud & Sarewitz, Daniel & Tomblin, David, 2021. "Designing Participatory Technology Assessments: A Reflexive Method for Advancing the Public Role in Science Policy Decision-making," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    8. Laurens K. Hessels & Harro van Lente & Ruud Smits, 2008. "In search of relevance: The changing contract between science and society," Innovation Studies Utrecht (ISU) working paper series 08-16, Utrecht University, Department of Innovation Studies, revised May 2008.
    9. Mario Calderini & Chiara Franzoni, 2004. "Is academic patenting detrimental to high quality research? An empirical analysis of the relationship between scientific careers and patent applications," KITeS Working Papers 162, KITeS, Centre for Knowledge, Internationalization and Technology Studies, Universita' Bocconi, Milano, Italy, revised Oct 2004.
    10. Kenny, Ursula & Regan, Áine & Hearne, Dave & O'Meara, Christine, 2021. "Empathising, defining and ideating with the farming community to develop a geotagged photo app for smart devices: A design thinking approach," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 194(C).
    11. Giffoni, Francesco & Florio, Massimo, 2023. "Public support of science: A contingent valuation study of citizens' attitudes about CERN with and without information about implicit taxes," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(1).
    12. Dhar, Suparna & Tarafdar, Pratik & Bose, Indranil, 2022. "Understanding the evolution of an emerging technological paradigm and its impact: The case of Digital Twin," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    13. Ewald, Jens & Sterner, Thomas & Sterner, Erik, 2022. "Understanding the resistance to carbon taxes: Drivers and barriers among the general public and fuel-tax protesters," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    14. Poppe, Krijn J., 2008. "Economic assessment of Dutch agricultural research," Report Series 43071, Wageningen University and Research Center, Agricultural Economics Research Institute.
    15. Stephanie Jahn & Jens Newig & Daniel J. Lang & Judith Kahle & Matthias Bergmann, 2022. "Demarcating transdisciplinary research in sustainability science—Five clusters of research modes based on evidence from 59 research projects," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 30(2), pages 343-357, April.
    16. Datu Buyung Agusdinata & Heide Lukosch, 2019. "Supporting Interventions to Reduce Household Greenhouse Gas Emissions: A Transdisciplinary Role-Playing Game Development," Simulation & Gaming, , vol. 50(3), pages 359-376, June.
    17. Liana Marina Ranga & Koenraad Debackere & Nick von Tunzelmann, 2003. "Entrepreneurial universities and the dynamics of academic knowledge production: A case study of basic vs. applied research in Belgium," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 58(2), pages 301-320, October.
    18. Lisa Verwoerd & Hilde Brouwers & Eva Kunseler & Barbara Regeer & Evelien de Hoop, 2023. "Negotiating space for knowledge co-production," Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press, vol. 50(1), pages 59-71.
    19. Athanasios T. Balafoutis & Magdalena Borzecka & Stelios Rozakis & Katerina Troullaki & Foteini Vandorou & Malgorzata Wydra, 2024. "Investigating Published Research towards a Fossil-Energy-Free Agriculture Transformation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-22, September.
    20. Bogner, Kristina & Dahlke, Johannes, 2022. "Born to transform? German bioeconomy policy and research projects for transformations towards sustainability," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).

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