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Electronic liquid-crystal phases of a doped Mott insulator

Author

Listed:
  • S. A. Kivelson

    (University of California Los Angeles)

  • E. Fradkin

    (University of Illinois)

  • V. J. Emery

    (Brookhaven National Laboratory)

Abstract

The character of the ground state of an antiferromagnetic insulator is fundamentally altered following addition of even a small amount of charge1. The added charge is concentrated into domain walls across which a π phase shift in the spin correlations of the host material is induced. In two dimensions, these domain walls are ‘stripes’ which can be insulating2,3 or conducting4,5,6 — that is, metallic ‘rivers’ with their own low-energy degrees of freedom. However, in arrays of one-dimensional metals, which occur in materials such as organic conductors7, interactions between stripes typically drive a transition to an insulating ordered charge-density-wave (CDW) state at low temperatures. Here it is shown that such a transition is eliminated if the zero-point energy of transverse stripe fluctuations is sufficiently large compared tothe CDW coupling between stripes. As a consequence, there should exist electronic quantum liquid-crystal phases, which constitute new states of matter, and which can be either high-temperature superconductors or two-dimensional anisotropic ‘metallic’ non-Fermi liquids. Neutron scattering and other experiments in the copper oxide superconductor La1.6−xNd0.4SrxCuO4 already provide evidence for the existence of these phases in at least one class of materials.

Suggested Citation

  • S. A. Kivelson & E. Fradkin & V. J. Emery, 1998. "Electronic liquid-crystal phases of a doped Mott insulator," Nature, Nature, vol. 393(6685), pages 550-553, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:393:y:1998:i:6685:d:10.1038_31177
    DOI: 10.1038/31177
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    Cited by:

    1. Huanzhi Yang & Yunjun Luo & Bixin Jin & Shumeng Chi & Xiaoyu Li, 2024. "Convoluted micellar morphological transitions driven by tailorable mesogenic ordering effect from discotic mesogen-containing block copolymer," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Guerrero, Alejandra I. & Stariolo, Daniel A., 2017. "Pair correlations and structure factor of the J1-J2 square lattice Ising model in an external field," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 466(C), pages 596-606.
    3. Pereira, A.P.P. & Fernandes, J.P. & Atman, A.P.F. & Acebal, J.L., 2018. "Parameter calibration between models and simulations: Connecting linear and non-linear descriptions of anomalous diffusion," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 509(C), pages 369-382.
    4. Can-Li Song & Elizabeth J. Main & Forrest Simmons & Shuo Liu & Benjamin Phillabaum & Karin A. Dahmen & Eric W. Hudson & Jennifer E. Hoffman & Erica W. Carlson, 2023. "Critical nematic correlations throughout the superconducting doping range in Bi2−zPbzSr2−yLayCuO6+x," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

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