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Deep eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of Li-ion batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Mai K. Tran

    (Rice University)

  • Marco-Tulio F. Rodrigues

    (Rice University)

  • Keiko Kato

    (Rice University)

  • Ganguli Babu

    (Rice University)

  • Pulickel M. Ajayan

    (Rice University)

Abstract

As the consumption of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for the transportation and consumer electronic sectors continues to grow, so does the pile of battery waste, with no successful recycling model, as exists for the lead–acid battery. Here, we exhibit a method to recycle LIBs using deep eutectic solvents to extract valuable metals from various chemistries, including lithium cobalt (iii) oxide and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide. For the metal extraction from lithium cobalt (iii) oxide, leaching efficiencies of ≥90% were obtained for both cobalt and lithium. It was also found that other battery components, such as aluminium foil and polyvinylidene fluoride binder, can be recovered separately. Deep eutectic solvents could provide a green alternative to conventional methods of LIB recycling and reclaiming strategically important metals, which remain crucial to meet the demand of the exponentially increasing LIB production.

Suggested Citation

  • Mai K. Tran & Marco-Tulio F. Rodrigues & Keiko Kato & Ganguli Babu & Pulickel M. Ajayan, 2019. "Deep eutectic solvents for cathode recycling of Li-ion batteries," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 4(4), pages 339-345, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natene:v:4:y:2019:i:4:d:10.1038_s41560-019-0368-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41560-019-0368-4
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Golmohammadzadeh, Rabeeh & Faraji, Fariborz & Jong, Brian & Pozo-Gonzalo, Cristina & Banerjee, Parama Chakraborty, 2022. "Current challenges and future opportunities toward recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    2. Jie Tian & Yan Li & Yuming Zhao & Jinwen Ai & Shouding Li & Qi Cheng, 2020. "A Brief Review on the Recycling of Decommissioned Power Battery Resources from EVs," International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 23(4), pages 185-188, March.
    3. Liu, Ying & Yan, Hanzhao & Liu, Jia & Dong, Wanglai & Cao, Zhi & Hu, Xingbang & Zhou, Zheng, 2020. "Acidic deep eutectic solvents with long carbon chains as catalysts and reaction media for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 162(C), pages 1842-1853.
    4. Koh, S.C.L. & Smith, L. & Miah, J. & Astudillo, D. & Eufrasio, R.M. & Gladwin, D. & Brown, S. & Stone, D., 2021. "Higher 2nd life Lithium Titanate battery content in hybrid energy storage systems lowers environmental-economic impact and balances eco-efficiency," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    5. Harper, Gavin D.J. & Kendrick, Emma & Anderson, Paul A. & Mrozik, Wojciech & Christensen, Paul & Lambert, Simon & Greenwood, David & Das, Prodip K. & Ahmeid, Mohamed & Milojevic, Zoran & Du, Wenjia & , 2023. "Roadmap for a sustainable circular economy in lithium-ion and future battery technologies," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 118420, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    6. Weiyin Chen & Yi Cheng & Jinhang Chen & Ksenia V. Bets & Rodrigo V. Salvatierra & Chang Ge & John Tianci Li & Duy Xuan Luong & Carter Kittrell & Zicheng Wang & Emily A. McHugh & Guanhui Gao & Bing Den, 2024. "Nondestructive flash cathode recycling," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    7. Kwiyong Kim & Darien Raymond & Riccardo Candeago & Xiao Su, 2021. "Selective cobalt and nickel electrodeposition for lithium-ion battery recycling through integrated electrolyte and interface control," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-10, December.
    8. Guanjun Ji & Di Tang & Junxiong Wang & Zheng Liang & Haocheng Ji & Jun Ma & Zhaofeng Zhuang & Song Liu & Guangmin Zhou & Hui-Ming Cheng, 2024. "Sustainable upcycling of mixed spent cathodes to a high-voltage polyanionic cathode material," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    9. Jie Tian & Yan Li & Yuming Zhao & Jinwen Ai & Shouding Li & Qi Cheng, 2020. "A Brief Review on the Recycling of Decommissioned Power Battery Resources from EVs," International Journal of Environmental Sciences & Natural Resources, Juniper Publishers Inc., vol. 23(4), pages 174-177, March.

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