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Non-flammable electrolytes with high salt-to-solvent ratios for Li-ion and Li-metal batteries

Author

Listed:
  • Ziqi Zeng

    (Wuhan University)

  • Vijayakumar Murugesan

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Kee Sung Han

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Xiaoyu Jiang

    (Wuhan University)

  • Yuliang Cao

    (Wuhan University)

  • Lifen Xiao

    (Wuhan University of Technology)

  • Xinping Ai

    (Wuhan University)

  • Hanxi Yang

    (Wuhan University)

  • Ji-Guang Zhang

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Maria L. Sushko

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

  • Jun Liu

    (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)

Abstract

Non-flammable electrolytes could intrinsically eliminate fire hazards and improve battery safety, but their compatibility with electrode materials, especially graphite anodes, remains an obstacle owing to the strong catalytic activity of the anode surfaces. Here, we report an approach that improves the stability of non-flammable phosphate electrolytes by adjusting the molar ratio of Li salt to solvent. At a high Li salt-to-solvent molar ratio (~1:2), the phosphate solvent molecules are mostly coordinated with the Li+ cations, and the undesired reactivity of the solvent molecules toward the graphite anode can be effectively suppressed. High cycling Coulombic efficiency (99.7%), good cycle life and safe operation of commercial 18650 Li-ion cells with these electrolytes are demonstrated. In addition, these non-flammable electrolytes show reduced reactivity toward Li-metal electrodes. Non-dendritic Li-metal plating and stripping in Li–Cu half-cells are demonstrated with high Coulombic efficiency (>99%) and good stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Ziqi Zeng & Vijayakumar Murugesan & Kee Sung Han & Xiaoyu Jiang & Yuliang Cao & Lifen Xiao & Xinping Ai & Hanxi Yang & Ji-Guang Zhang & Maria L. Sushko & Jun Liu, 2018. "Non-flammable electrolytes with high salt-to-solvent ratios for Li-ion and Li-metal batteries," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 3(8), pages 674-681, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natene:v:3:y:2018:i:8:d:10.1038_s41560-018-0196-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41560-018-0196-y
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    Cited by:

    1. Julian Estaller & Anton Kersten & Manuel Kuder & Torbjörn Thiringer & Richard Eckerle & Thomas Weyh, 2022. "Overview of Battery Impedance Modeling Including Detailed State-of-the-Art Cylindrical 18650 Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Comparisons," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-21, May.

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