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Parity transitions in the superconducting ground state of hybrid InSb–Al Coulomb islands

Author

Listed:
  • Jie Shen

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Sebastian Heedt

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Francesco Borsoi

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Bernard van Heck

    (University of California Santa Barbara)

  • Sasa Gazibegovic

    (Delft University of Technology
    Eindhoven University of Technology)

  • Roy L. M. Op het Veld

    (Delft University of Technology
    Eindhoven University of Technology)

  • Diana Car

    (Delft University of Technology
    Eindhoven University of Technology)

  • John A. Logan

    (University of California Santa Barbara)

  • Mihir Pendharkar

    (University of California Santa Barbara)

  • Senja J. J. Ramakers

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Guanzhong Wang

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Di Xu

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Daniël Bouman

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Attila Geresdi

    (Delft University of Technology)

  • Chris J. Palmstrøm

    (University of California Santa Barbara
    University of California Santa Barbara)

  • Erik P. A. M. Bakkers

    (Delft University of Technology
    Eindhoven University of Technology)

  • Leo P. Kouwenhoven

    (Delft University of Technology
    Microsoft Station Q at Delft University of Technology)

Abstract

The number of electrons in small metallic or semiconducting islands is quantised. When tunnelling is enabled via opaque barriers this number can change by an integer. In superconductors the addition is in units of two electron charges (2e), reflecting that the Cooper pair condensate must have an even parity. This ground state (GS) is foundational for all superconducting qubit devices. Here, we study a hybrid superconducting–semiconducting island and find three typical GS evolutions in a parallel magnetic field: a robust 2e-periodic even-parity GS, a transition to a 2e-periodic odd-parity GS, and a transition from a 2e- to a 1e-periodic GS. The 2e-periodic odd-parity GS persistent in gate-voltage occurs when a spin-resolved subgap state crosses zero energy. For our 1e-periodic GSs we explicitly show the origin being a single zero-energy state gapped from the continuum, i.e., compatible with an Andreev bound states stabilized at zero energy or the presence of Majorana zero modes.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Shen & Sebastian Heedt & Francesco Borsoi & Bernard van Heck & Sasa Gazibegovic & Roy L. M. Op het Veld & Diana Car & John A. Logan & Mihir Pendharkar & Senja J. J. Ramakers & Guanzhong Wang & Di , 2018. "Parity transitions in the superconducting ground state of hybrid InSb–Al Coulomb islands," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:9:y:2018:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-018-07279-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07279-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Juan Carlos Estrada Saldaña & Alexandros Vekris & Luka Pavešić & Peter Krogstrup & Rok Žitko & Kasper Grove-Rasmussen & Jesper Nygård, 2022. "Excitations in a superconducting Coulombic energy gap," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Yiru Hao & Gu Zhang & Donghao Liu & Dong E. Liu, 2022. "Anomalous universal conductance as a hallmark of non-locality in a Majorana-hosted superconducting island," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Juan Carlos Estrada Saldaña & Alexandros Vekris & Luka Pavešič & Rok Žitko & Kasper Grove-Rasmussen & Jesper Nygård, 2024. "Correlation between two distant quasiparticles in separate superconducting islands mediated by a single spin," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.

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