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Tyrosine phosphorylation of the GARU E3 ubiquitin ligase promotes gibberellin signalling by preventing GID1 degradation

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  • Keiichirou Nemoto

    (Ehime University)

  • Abdelaziz Ramadan

    (Ehime University
    Ain Shams University)

  • Gen-ichiro Arimura

    (Tokyo University of Science)

  • Kenichiro Imai

    (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST))

  • Kentaro Tomii

    (National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST))

  • Kazuo Shinozaki

    (RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science)

  • Tatsuya Sawasaki

    (Ehime University)

Abstract

Gibberellin (GA) is a major hormone for plant growth and development. GA response is derived from the degradation of DELLA repressor proteins after GA-dependent complex formation of the GID1 GA receptor with DELLA. Genistein is a known tyrosine (Tyr) kinase inhibitor and inhibits DELLA degradation. However, the biological role of Tyr phosphorylation on the GA response remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that GARU (GA receptor RING E3 ubiquitin ligase) mediates ubiquitin-dependent degradation of GID1, and that the TAGK2 plant Tyr-kinase is a target of genistein and inhibits GARU–GID1A interactions by phosphorylation of GARU at Tyr321. Genistein induces degradation of GID1 and accumulation of DELLA. Conversely, Arabidopsis garu mutant and TAGK2-overexpressing plants accelerate GID1 stabilization and DELLA degradation. Under salt stress, GARU suppresses seed germination. We propose that GA response is negatively regulated by GARU-dependent GID1 ubiquitination and positively by Tyr phosphorylation of GARU by TAGK2, and genistein inhibits GA signaling by TAGK2 inhibition.

Suggested Citation

  • Keiichirou Nemoto & Abdelaziz Ramadan & Gen-ichiro Arimura & Kenichiro Imai & Kentaro Tomii & Kazuo Shinozaki & Tatsuya Sawasaki, 2017. "Tyrosine phosphorylation of the GARU E3 ubiquitin ligase promotes gibberellin signalling by preventing GID1 degradation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:8:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-017-01005-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01005-5
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    1. Kohdai Yamada & Ryouhei Shioya & Kohei Nishino & Hirotake Furihata & Atsushi Hijikata & Mika K. Kaneko & Yukinari Kato & Tsuyoshi Shirai & Hidetaka Kosako & Tatsuya Sawasaki, 2023. "Proximity extracellular protein-protein interaction analysis of EGFR using AirID-conjugated fragment of antigen binding," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-19, December.
    2. Jun Jie Yuan & Ya Nan Zhao & Su Hang Yu & Ying Sun & Gui Xin Li & Jing Ying Yan & Ji Ming Xu & Wo Na Ding & Moussa Benhamed & Rong Liang Qiu & Chong Wei Jin & Shao Jian Zheng & Zhong Jie Ding, 2024. "The Arabidopsis receptor-like kinase WAKL4 limits cadmium uptake via phosphorylation and degradation of NRAMP1 transporter," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.

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