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Large fault slip peaking at trench in the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake

Author

Listed:
  • Tianhaozhe Sun

    (School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria)

  • Kelin Wang

    (School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria
    Pacific Geoscience Centre, Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada)

  • Toshiya Fujiwara

    (R&D Center for Earthquake and Tsunami (CEAT), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC))

  • Shuichi Kodaira

    (R&D CEAT, JAMSTEC)

  • Jiangheng He

    (Pacific Geoscience Centre, Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada)

Abstract

During the 2011 magnitude 9 Tohoku-oki earthquake, very large slip occurred on the shallowest part of the subduction megathrust. Quantitative information on the shallow slip is of critical importance to distinguishing between different rupture mechanics and understanding the generation of the ensuing devastating tsunami. However, the magnitude and distribution of the shallow slip are essentially unknown due primarily to the lack of near-trench constraints, as demonstrated by a compilation of 45 rupture models derived from a large range of data sets. To quantify the shallow slip, here we model high-resolution bathymetry differences before and after the earthquake across the trench axis. The slip is determined to be about 62 m over the most near-trench 40 km of the fault with a gentle increase towards the trench. This slip distribution indicates that dramatic net weakening or strengthening of the shallow fault did not occur during the Tohoku-oki earthquake.

Suggested Citation

  • Tianhaozhe Sun & Kelin Wang & Toshiya Fujiwara & Shuichi Kodaira & Jiangheng He, 2017. "Large fault slip peaking at trench in the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-8, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:8:y:2017:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms14044
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14044
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    Cited by:

    1. Dawei Gao & Kelin Wang & Tania L. Insua & Matthew Sypus & Michael Riedel & Tianhaozhe Sun, 2018. "Defining megathrust tsunami source scenarios for northernmost Cascadia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 94(1), pages 445-469, October.
    2. Yota Suzuki & Hirofumi Muraoka & Hiroshi Asanuma, 2021. "Thermal Monitoring of the Lithosphere by the Interaction of Deep Low-Frequency and Ordinary High-Frequency Earthquakes in Northeastern Japan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-11, March.
    3. Kai Zhang & Yanru Wang & Yu Luo & Dineng Zhao & Mingwei Wang & Fanlin Yang & Ziyin Wu, 2023. "Complex tsunamigenic near-trench seafloor deformation during the 2011 Tohoku–Oki earthquake," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.

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