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Vital staining for cell death identifies Atg9a-dependent necrosis in developmental bone formation in mouse

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  • Yusuke Imagawa

    (Research Institute of Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases
    Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University)

  • Tatsuya Saitoh

    (Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University
    Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University)

  • Yoshihide Tsujimoto

    (Research Institute of Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases
    Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University)

Abstract

Programmed cell death has a crucial role in various biological events, including developmental morphogenesis. Recent evidence indicates that necrosis contributes to programmed cell death in addition to apoptosis, but it is unclear whether necrosis acts as a compensatory mechanism for failure of apoptosis or has an intrinsic role during development. In contrast to apoptosis, there have been no techniques for imaging physiological necrosis in vivo. Here we employ vital staining using propidium iodide to identify cells with plasma membrane disruption (necrotic cells) in mouse embryos. We discover a form of necrosis at the bone surface, which does not occur in embryos with deficiency of the autophagy-related gene Atg9a, although it is unaffected by Atg5 knockout. We also find abnormalities of the bone surface in Atg9a knockout mice, suggesting an important role of Atg9a-dependent necrosis in bone surface formation. These findings suggest that necrosis has an active role in developmental morphogenesis.

Suggested Citation

  • Yusuke Imagawa & Tatsuya Saitoh & Yoshihide Tsujimoto, 2016. "Vital staining for cell death identifies Atg9a-dependent necrosis in developmental bone formation in mouse," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:7:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms13391
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13391
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    Cited by:

    1. Elodie Mailler & Carlos M. Guardia & Xiaofei Bai & Michal Jarnik & Chad D. Williamson & Yan Li & Nunziata Maio & Andy Golden & Juan S. Bonifacino, 2021. "The autophagy protein ATG9A enables lipid mobilization from lipid droplets," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-19, December.

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