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MAIT cells are activated during human viral infections

Author

Listed:
  • Bonnie van Wilgenburg

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford)

  • Iris Scherwitzl

    (Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College)

  • Edward C. Hutchinson

    (Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, University of Oxford)

  • Tianqi Leng

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford)

  • Ayako Kurioka

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford)

  • Corinna Kulicke

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford)

  • Catherine de Lara

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford)

  • Suzanne Cole

    (MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford)

  • Sirijitt Vasanawathana

    (Khon Kaen Hospital)

  • Wannee Limpitikul

    (Songkhla Hospital)

  • Prida Malasit

    (BIOTEC, NSTDA
    Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University)

  • Duncan Young

    (The John Radcliffe Hospital)

  • Laura Denney

    (MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford)

  • Michael D. Moore

    (Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, University of Oxford)

  • Paolo Fabris

    (Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Unit, San Bortolo Hospital)

  • Maria Teresa Giordani

    (Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Unit, San Bortolo Hospital)

  • Ye Htun Oo

    (Centre for Liver Research & NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Liver Disease, University of Birmingham)

  • Stephen M. Laidlaw

    (Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford)

  • Lynn B. Dustin

    (Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford)

  • Ling-Pei Ho

    (MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford)

  • Fiona M. Thompson

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford)

  • Narayan Ramamurthy

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford)

  • Juthathip Mongkolsapaya

    (Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College
    Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University)

  • Christian B. Willberg

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford
    Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, The John Radcliffe Hospital)

  • Gavin R. Screaton

    (Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College)

  • Paul Klenerman

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research and Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford
    Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, The John Radcliffe Hospital)

Abstract

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are abundant in humans and recognize bacterial ligands. Here, we demonstrate that MAIT cells are also activated during human viral infections in vivo. MAIT cells activation was observed during infection with dengue virus, hepatitis C virus and influenza virus. This activation—driving cytokine release and Granzyme B upregulation—is TCR-independent but dependent on IL-18 in synergy with IL-12, IL-15 and/or interferon-α/β. IL-18 levels and MAIT cell activation correlate with disease severity in acute dengue infection. Furthermore, HCV treatment with interferon-α leads to specific MAIT cell activation in vivo in parallel with an enhanced therapeutic response. Moreover, TCR-independent activation of MAIT cells leads to a reduction of HCV replication in vitro mediated by IFN-γ. Together these data demonstrate MAIT cells are activated following viral infections, and suggest a potential role in both host defence and immunopathology.

Suggested Citation

  • Bonnie van Wilgenburg & Iris Scherwitzl & Edward C. Hutchinson & Tianqi Leng & Ayako Kurioka & Corinna Kulicke & Catherine de Lara & Suzanne Cole & Sirijitt Vasanawathana & Wannee Limpitikul & Prida M, 2016. "MAIT cells are activated during human viral infections," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:7:y:2016:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms11653
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11653
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    Cited by:

    1. Mark Walkenhorst & Jana K. Sonner & Nina Meurs & Jan Broder Engler & Simone Bauer & Ingo Winschel & Marcel S. Woo & Lukas Raich & Iris Winkler & Vanessa Vieira & Lisa Unger & Gabriela Salinas & Olivie, 2024. "Protective effect of TCR-mediated MAIT cell activation during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Jing Hu & Mingyao Pan & Brett Reid & Shelley Tworoger & Bo Li, 2024. "Quantifiable blood TCR repertoire components associate with immune aging," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Ann-Christin Gnirck & Marie-Sophie Philipp & Alex Waterhölter & Malte Wunderlich & Nikhat Shaikh & Virginia Adamiak & Lena Henneken & Tobias Kautz & Tingting Xiong & Daniela Klaus & Pascal Tomczyk & M, 2023. "Mucosal-associated invariant T cells contribute to suppression of inflammatory myeloid cells in immune-mediated kidney disease," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.
    4. Lauren Stern & Helen M. McGuire & Selmir Avdic & Barbara Fazekas de St Groth & David Gottlieb & Allison Abendroth & Emily Blyth & Barry Slobedman, 2022. "Immunoprofiling reveals cell subsets associated with the trajectory of cytomegalovirus reactivation post stem cell transplantation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.

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