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Immunological biomarkers predict HIV-1 viral rebound after treatment interruption

Author

Listed:
  • Jacob Hurst

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital
    Institute for Emerging Infections, The Oxford Martin School)

  • Matthias Hoffmann

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital)

  • Matthew Pace

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital
    Institute for Emerging Infections, The Oxford Martin School)

  • James P. Williams

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital)

  • John Thornhill

    (Wright Fleming Institute, Imperial College)

  • Elizabeth Hamlyn

    (Caldecot Centre, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust)

  • Jodi Meyerowitz

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital)

  • Chris Willberg

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital
    Oxford National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre)

  • Kersten K. Koelsch

    (St Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia)

  • Nicola Robinson

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital
    Institute for Emerging Infections, The Oxford Martin School
    Oxford National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre)

  • Helen Brown

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital
    Institute for Emerging Infections, The Oxford Martin School
    Oxford National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre)

  • Martin Fisher

    (Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals)

  • Sabine Kinloch

    (University College London)

  • David A. Cooper

    (St Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia)

  • Mauro Schechter

    (Projeto Praça Onze, Hospital Escola São Francisco de Assis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro)

  • Giuseppe Tambussi

    (Ospedale San Raffaele)

  • Sarah Fidler

    (Wright Fleming Institute, Imperial College)

  • Abdel Babiker

    (MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL Institute of Clinical Trials & Methodology)

  • Jonathan Weber

    (Wright Fleming Institute, Imperial College)

  • Anthony D. Kelleher

    (St Vincent’s Centre for Applied Medical Research and The Kirby Institute, UNSW Australia)

  • Rodney E. Phillips

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital
    Institute for Emerging Infections, The Oxford Martin School
    Oxford National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre)

  • John Frater

    (Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, John Radcliffe Hospital
    Institute for Emerging Infections, The Oxford Martin School
    Oxford National Institute of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre)

Abstract

Treatment of HIV-1 infection with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in the weeks following transmission may induce a state of ‘post-treatment control’ (PTC) in some patients, in whom viraemia remains undetectable when ART is stopped. Explaining PTC could help our understanding of the processes that maintain viral persistence. Here we show that immunological biomarkers can predict time to viral rebound after stopping ART by analysing data from a randomized study of primary HIV-1 infection incorporating a treatment interruption (TI) after 48 weeks of ART (the SPARTAC trial). T-cell exhaustion markers PD-1, Tim-3 and Lag-3 measured prior to ART strongly predict time to the return of viraemia. These data indicate that T-cell exhaustion markers may identify those latently infected cells with a higher proclivity to viral transcription. Our results may open new avenues for understanding the mechanisms underlying PTC, and eventually HIV-1 eradication.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacob Hurst & Matthias Hoffmann & Matthew Pace & James P. Williams & John Thornhill & Elizabeth Hamlyn & Jodi Meyerowitz & Chris Willberg & Kersten K. Koelsch & Nicola Robinson & Helen Brown & Martin , 2015. "Immunological biomarkers predict HIV-1 viral rebound after treatment interruption," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:6:y:2015:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms9495
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9495
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    Cited by:

    1. Jessica M Conway & Alan S Perelson & Jonathan Z Li, 2019. "Predictions of time to HIV viral rebound following ART suspension that incorporate personal biomarkers," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(7), pages 1-26, July.
    2. Caroline Passaes & Delphine Desjardins & Anaïs Chapel & Valérie Monceaux & Julien Lemaitre & Adeline Mélard & Federico Perdomo-Celis & Cyril Planchais & Maël Gourvès & Nastasia Dimant & Annie David & , 2024. "Early antiretroviral therapy favors post-treatment SIV control associated with the expansion of enhanced memory CD8+ T-cells," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.

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