IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v3y2012i1d10.1038_ncomms2021.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Flexible and transparent all-graphene circuits for quaternary digital modulations

Author

Listed:
  • Seunghyun Lee

    (University of Michigan)

  • Kyunghoon Lee

    (University of Michigan)

  • Chang-Hua Liu

    (University of Michigan)

  • Girish S. Kulkarni

    (University of Michigan)

  • Zhaohui Zhong

    (University of Michigan)

Abstract

In modern communication systems, modulation is a key function that embeds the baseband signal (information) into a carrier wave so that it can be successfully broadcasted through a medium such as air or cables. Here we report a flexible all-graphene modulator circuit with the capability of encoding a carrier signal with quaternary digital information. By exploiting the ambipolarity and the nonlinearity in a graphene transistor, we demonstrate two types of quaternary modulation schemes: quaternary amplitude-shift keying and quadrature phase-shift keying. Remarkably, both modulation schemes can be realized with just 1 and 2 all-graphene transistors, respectively, representing a drastic reduction in circuit complexity when compared with conventional modulators. In addition, the circuit is not only flexible but also highly transparent (~95% transmittance) owing to its all-graphene design with every component (channel, interconnects, load resistor and source/drain/gate electrodes) fabricated from graphene films.

Suggested Citation

  • Seunghyun Lee & Kyunghoon Lee & Chang-Hua Liu & Girish S. Kulkarni & Zhaohui Zhong, 2012. "Flexible and transparent all-graphene circuits for quaternary digital modulations," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 3(1), pages 1-7, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:3:y:2012:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms2021
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2021
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms2021
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/ncomms2021?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Maik Simon & Halid Mulaosmanovic & Violetta Sessi & Maximilian Drescher & Niladri Bhattacharjee & Stefan Slesazeck & Maciej Wiatr & Thomas Mikolajick & Jens Trommer, 2022. "Three-to-one analog signal modulation with a single back-bias-controlled reconfigurable transistor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Dehui Zhang & Zhen Xu & Gong Cheng & Zhe Liu & Audrey Rose Gutierrez & Wenzhe Zang & Theodore B. Norris & Zhaohui Zhong, 2022. "Strongly enhanced THz generation enabled by a graphene hot-carrier fast lane," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:3:y:2012:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms2021. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.