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Critical thickness for ferromagnetism in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures

Author

Listed:
  • Beena Kalisky

    (Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
    Nano-magnetism Research Center, Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University)

  • Julie A. Bert

    (Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)

  • Brannon B. Klopfer

    (Nano-magnetism Research Center, Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University)

  • Christopher Bell

    (Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)

  • Hiroki K. Sato

    (Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
    University of Tokyo)

  • Masayuki Hosoda

    (Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
    University of Tokyo)

  • Yasuyuki Hikita

    (Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)

  • Harold Y. Hwang

    (Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)

  • Kathryn A. Moler

    (Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)

Abstract

In LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterointerfaces, charge carriers migrate from the LaAlO3 to the interface in an electronic reconstruction. Magnetism has been observed in LaAlO3/SrTiO3, but its relationship to the interface conductivity is unknown. Here we show that reconstruction is necessary, but not sufficient, for the formation of magnetism. Using scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy we find that magnetism appears only above a critical LaAlO3 thickness, similar to the conductivity. We observe no change in ferromagnetism with gate voltage, and detect ferromagnetism in a non-conducting p-type sample. These observations indicate that the carriers at the interface do not need to be itinerant to generate magnetism. The ferromagnetism appears in isolated patches whose density varies greatly between samples. This inhomogeneity strongly suggests that disorder or local strain generates magnetism in a population of the interface carriers.

Suggested Citation

  • Beena Kalisky & Julie A. Bert & Brannon B. Klopfer & Christopher Bell & Hiroki K. Sato & Masayuki Hosoda & Yasuyuki Hikita & Harold Y. Hwang & Kathryn A. Moler, 2012. "Critical thickness for ferromagnetism in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 3(1), pages 1-7, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:3:y:2012:i:1:d:10.1038_ncomms1931
    DOI: 10.1038/ncomms1931
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    Cited by:

    1. J. W. Lee & K. Eom & T. R. Paudel & B. Wang & H. Lu & H. X. Huyan & S. Lindemann & S. Ryu & H. Lee & T. H. Kim & Y. Yuan & J. A. Zorn & S. Lei & W. P. Gao & T. Tybell & V. Gopalan & X. Q. Pan & A. Gru, 2021. "In-plane quasi-single-domain BaTiO3 via interfacial symmetry engineering," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.

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