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Unravelling genomic drivers of speciation in Musa through genome assemblies of wild banana ancestors

Author

Listed:
  • Guillaume Martin

    (UMR AGAP Institut
    Institut Agro)

  • Benjamin Istace

    (Université Paris-Saclay)

  • Franc-Christophe Baurens

    (UMR AGAP Institut
    Institut Agro)

  • Caroline Belser

    (Université Paris-Saclay)

  • Catherine Hervouet

    (UMR AGAP Institut
    Institut Agro)

  • Karine Labadie

    (Université Paris-Saclay)

  • Corinne Cruaud

    (Université Paris-Saclay)

  • Benjamin Noel

    (Université Paris-Saclay)

  • Chantal Guiougou

    (Institut Agro
    UMR AGAP Institut)

  • Frederic Salmon

    (Institut Agro
    UMR AGAP Institut)

  • Joël Mahadeo

    (Institut Agro
    CRB-PT)

  • Fajarudin Ahmad

    (BRIN)

  • Hugo A. Volkaert

    (Kasetsart University Kamphaengsaen Campus
    Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/MHESI))

  • Gaëtan Droc

    (UMR AGAP Institut
    Institut Agro)

  • Mathieu Rouard

    (Institut Agro
    Parc Scientifique Agropolis II)

  • Julie Sardos

    (Institut Agro
    Parc Scientifique Agropolis II)

  • Patrick Wincker

    (Université Paris-Saclay)

  • Nabila Yahiaoui

    (UMR AGAP Institut
    Institut Agro)

  • Jean-Marc Aury

    (Université Paris-Saclay)

  • Angélique D’Hont

    (UMR AGAP Institut
    Institut Agro)

Abstract

Hybridization between wild Musa species and subspecies from Southeast Asia is at the origin of cultivated bananas. The genomes of these cultivars are complex mosaics involving nine genetic groups, including two previously unknown contributors. This study provides continuous genome assemblies for six wild genetic groups, one of which represents one of the unknown ancestor, identified as M.acuminata ssp. halabanensis. The second unknown ancestor partially present in a seventh assembly appears related to M. a. ssp. zebrina. These assemblies provide key resources for banana genetics and for improving cultivar assemblies, including that of the emblematic triploid Cavendish. Comparative and phylogenetic analyses reveal an ongoing speciation process within Musa, characterised by large chromosome rearrangements and centromere differentiation through the integration of different types of repeated sequences, including rDNA tandem repeats. This speciation process may have been favoured by reproductive isolation related to the particular context of climate and land connectivity fluctuations in the Southeast Asian region.

Suggested Citation

  • Guillaume Martin & Benjamin Istace & Franc-Christophe Baurens & Caroline Belser & Catherine Hervouet & Karine Labadie & Corinne Cruaud & Benjamin Noel & Chantal Guiougou & Frederic Salmon & Joël Mahad, 2025. "Unravelling genomic drivers of speciation in Musa through genome assemblies of wild banana ancestors," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-56329-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56329-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Piotr Wlodzimierz & Fernando A. Rabanal & Robin Burns & Matthew Naish & Elias Primetis & Alison Scott & Terezie Mandáková & Nicola Gorringe & Andrew J. Tock & Daniel Holland & Katrin Fritschi & Anette, 2023. "Cycles of satellite and transposon evolution in Arabidopsis centromeres," Nature, Nature, vol. 618(7965), pages 557-565, June.
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