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GGCX promotes Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus adaption to interspecies receptor binding

Author

Listed:
  • Jiahui Zou

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Meijun Jiang

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Rong Xiao

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Huimin Sun

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Hailong Liu

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Thomas Peacock

    (Imperial College London
    Pirbright)

  • Shaoyu Tu

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Tong Chen

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Jinli Guo

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Yaxin Zhao

    (Huazhong Agricultural University)

  • Wendy Barclay

    (Imperial College London)

  • Shengsong Xie

    (Huazhong Agricultural University
    Hubei Hongshan Laboratory)

  • Hongbo Zhou

    (Huazhong Agricultural University
    Hubei Hongshan Laboratory
    Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production
    The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production)

Abstract

The Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 swine influenza virus (SIV) possesses the capacity to instigate the next influenza pandemic, owing to its heightened affinity for the human-type α-2,6 sialic acid (SA) receptor. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying the switch in receptor binding preferences of EA H1N1 SIV remain elusive. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen utilizing EA H1N1 SIV in porcine kidney cells. Knocking out the enzyme gamma glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) reduces virus replication in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting the carboxylation modification of viral haemagglutinin (HA) and the adhesion of progeny viruses, ultimately impeding the replication of EA H1N1 SIV. Furthermore, GGCX is revealed to be the determinant of the D225E substitution of EA H1N1 SIV, and GGCX-medicated carboxylation modification of HA 225E contributes to the receptor binding adaption of EA H1N1 SIV to the α-2,6 SA receptor. Taken together, our CRISPR screen has elucidated a novel function of GGCX in the support of EA H1N1 SIV adaption for binding to α-2,6 SA receptor. Consequently, GGCX emerges as a prospective antiviral target against the infection and transmission of EA H1N1 SIV.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiahui Zou & Meijun Jiang & Rong Xiao & Huimin Sun & Hailong Liu & Thomas Peacock & Shaoyu Tu & Tong Chen & Jinli Guo & Yaxin Zhao & Wendy Barclay & Shengsong Xie & Hongbo Zhou, 2025. "GGCX promotes Eurasian avian-like H1N1 swine influenza virus adaption to interspecies receptor binding," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-55903-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-55903-0
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