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Entanglement microscopy and tomography in many-body systems

Author

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  • Ting-Tung Wang

    (The University of Hong Kong)

  • Menghan Song

    (The University of Hong Kong)

  • Liuke Lyu

    (Université de Montréal)

  • William Witczak-Krempa

    (Université de Montréal
    Université de Montréal
    Université de Montréal)

  • Zi Yang Meng

    (The University of Hong Kong)

Abstract

Quantum entanglement uncovers the essential principles of quantum matter, yet determining its structure in realistic many-body systems poses significant challenges. Here, we employ a protocol, dubbed entanglement microscopy, to reveal the multipartite entanglement encoded in the full reduced density matrix of the microscopic subregion in spin and fermionic many-body systems. We exemplify our method by studying the phase diagram near quantum critical points (QCP) in 2 spatial dimensions: the transverse field Ising model and a Gross-Neveu-Yukawa transition of Dirac fermions. Our main results are: i) the Ising QCP exhibits short-range entanglement with a finite sudden death of the LN both in space and temperature; ii) the Gross-Neveu QCP has a power-law decaying fermionic LN consistent with conformal field theory (CFT) exponents; iii) going beyond bipartite entanglement, we find no detectable 3-party entanglement with our two witnesses in a large parameter window near the Ising QCP in 2d, in contrast to 1d. We further establish the singular scaling of general multipartite entanglement measures at criticality and present an explicit analysis in the tripartite case.

Suggested Citation

  • Ting-Tung Wang & Menghan Song & Liuke Lyu & William Witczak-Krempa & Zi Yang Meng, 2025. "Entanglement microscopy and tomography in many-body systems," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-55354-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55354-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. A. Osterloh & Luigi Amico & G. Falci & Rosario Fazio, 2002. "Scaling of entanglement close to a quantum phase transition," Nature, Nature, vol. 416(6881), pages 608-610, April.
    2. Irénée Frérot & Tommaso Roscilde, 2019. "Reconstructing the quantum critical fan of strongly correlated systems using quantum correlations," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-7, December.
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