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Earth’s longest preserved linear volcanic ridge generated by a moving Kerguelen hotspot

Author

Listed:
  • Qiang Jiang

    (China University of Petroleum
    China University of Petroleum
    Curtin University)

  • Hugo K. H. Olierook

    (Curtin University)

  • Fred Jourdan

    (Curtin University)

  • Diana Carmona Hoyos

    (Curtin University)

  • Renaud E. Merle

    (Uppsala University)

  • Evelyn M. Mervine

    (The University of Queensland)

  • William W. Sager

    (University of Houston)

Abstract

Recent seismic tomography unveiled complex mantle plume structures diverging from the originally proposed single, narrow, and vertically-oriented plume conduits, which necessitates new perspectives on the mechanism of hotspot motion. While several recent endeavours have focused on Pacific hotspots’ motion, knowledge of others remains limited. Here we constrain the motions of the Kerguelen hotspot within the Indian Ocean by obtaining robust 40Ar/39Ar ages for the Ninetyeast Ridge, Earth’s longest linear volcanic ridge. These data indicate varying volcanic progression rates along the ridge, contrasting to a constant rate as previously documented. Combined with constraints on the Indian Plate motion and seafloor spreading, we reveal four periods of motions of the hotspot caused by its interactions with the Indian–Antarctic spreading ridge. This suggests that mantle plume lateral flows are susceptible to changes in shallow mantle convection due to the existence of horizontal ponding zones and vertical conduits, especially in the shallow asthenosphere.

Suggested Citation

  • Qiang Jiang & Hugo K. H. Olierook & Fred Jourdan & Diana Carmona Hoyos & Renaud E. Merle & Evelyn M. Mervine & William W. Sager, 2024. "Earth’s longest preserved linear volcanic ridge generated by a moving Kerguelen hotspot," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-54092-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54092-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Richard K. Bono & John A. Tarduno & Hans-Peter Bunge, 2019. "Hotspot motion caused the Hawaiian-Emperor Bend and LLSVPs are not fixed," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. Bernhard Steinberger & Rupert Sutherland & Richard J. O'Connell, 2004. "Prediction of Emperor-Hawaii seamount locations from a revised model of global plate motion and mantle flow," Nature, Nature, vol. 430(6996), pages 167-173, July.
    3. Steven C. Cande & Dave R. Stegman, 2011. "Indian and African plate motions driven by the push force of the Réunion plume head," Nature, Nature, vol. 475(7354), pages 47-52, July.
    4. Rakib Hassan & R. Dietmar Müller & Michael Gurnis & Simon E. Williams & Nicolas Flament, 2016. "A rapid burst in hotspot motion through the interaction of tectonics and deep mantle flow," Nature, Nature, vol. 533(7602), pages 239-242, May.
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