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The role of plume-lithosphere interaction in Hawaii-Emperor chain formation

Author

Listed:
  • Shijie Xie

    (Tsinghua University)

  • Zebin Cao

    (Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Lijun Liu

    (Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Dinghui Yang

    (Tsinghua University)

  • Mengxue Liu

    (Tsinghua University)

  • Yanchong Li

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

  • Rui Qi

    (Tsinghua University)

Abstract

Paleolatitudes of volcanic rocks reveal that prominent changes in volcanic trend of the Hawaii-Emperor hotspot chain represent meridional migration of the magma source. However, models assuming latitudinal plume migration fail to explain the observed age distribution, rock composition, and erratic paleolatitude changes of the oldest Emperor seamounts. Here we use data-assimilation models to better reproduce the Hawaii-Emperor hotspot track by systematically considering plate reconstruction, plume-lithosphere interaction, and simplified melt generation and migration. Our results show that plate drag and plume-ridge interaction are both important in explaining the observed seamount ages. These shallow dynamic processes could account for 50% of the observed paleolatitude’s secular reduction and erratic variations over time, where the necessary southward migration of the Hawaiian plume root is significantly less than previously thought. We conclude that plume-lithosphere interaction represents a common mechanism in affecting hotspot track, and has important implications in understanding mantle dynamics and plate reference frames.

Suggested Citation

  • Shijie Xie & Zebin Cao & Lijun Liu & Dinghui Yang & Mengxue Liu & Yanchong Li & Rui Qi, 2024. "The role of plume-lithosphere interaction in Hawaii-Emperor chain formation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-51055-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51055-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bernhard Steinberger & Rupert Sutherland & Richard J. O'Connell, 2004. "Prediction of Emperor-Hawaii seamount locations from a revised model of global plate motion and mantle flow," Nature, Nature, vol. 430(6996), pages 167-173, July.
    2. Rakib Hassan & R. Dietmar Müller & Michael Gurnis & Simon E. Williams & Nicolas Flament, 2016. "A rapid burst in hotspot motion through the interaction of tectonics and deep mantle flow," Nature, Nature, vol. 533(7602), pages 239-242, May.
    3. Claude Herzberg, 2006. "Petrology and thermal structure of the Hawaiian plume from Mauna Kea volcano," Nature, Nature, vol. 444(7119), pages 605-609, November.
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