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Lower Ordovician synziphosurine reveals early euchelicerate diversity and evolution

Author

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  • Lorenzo Lustri

    (Géopolis)

  • Pierre Gueriau

    (Géopolis
    Institut photonique d’analyse non-destructive européen des matériaux anciens)

  • Allison C. Daley

    (Géopolis)

Abstract

Euchelicerata is a clade of arthropods comprising horseshoe crabs, scorpions, spiders, mites and ticks, as well as the extinct eurypterids (sea scorpions) and chasmataspidids. The understanding of the ground plans and relationships between these crown-group euchelicerates has benefited from the discovery of numerous fossils. However, little is known regarding the origin and early evolution of the euchelicerate body plan because the relationships between their Cambrian sister taxa and synziphosurines, a group of Silurian to Carboniferous stem euchelicerates with chelicerae and an unfused opisthosoma, remain poorly understood owing to the scarce fossil record of appendages. Here we describe a synziphosurine from the Lower Ordovician (ca. 478 Ma) Fezouata Shale of Morocco. This species possesses five biramous appendages with stenopodous exopods bearing setae in the prosoma and a fully expressed first tergite in the opisthosoma illuminating the ancestral anatomy of the group. Phylogenetic analyses recover this fossil as a member of the stem euchelicerate family Offacolidae, which is characterized by biramous prosomal appendages. Moreover, it also shares anatomical features with the Cambrian euarthropod Habelia optata, filling the anatomical gap between euchelicerates and Cambrian stem taxa, while also contributing to our understanding of the evolution of euchelicerate uniramous prosomal appendages and tagmosis.

Suggested Citation

  • Lorenzo Lustri & Pierre Gueriau & Allison C. Daley, 2024. "Lower Ordovician synziphosurine reveals early euchelicerate diversity and evolution," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-48013-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48013-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Javier Ortega-Hernández & Rudy Lerosey-Aubril & Sarah R. Losso & James C. Weaver, 2022. "Neuroanatomy in a middle Cambrian mollisoniid and the ancestral nervous system organization of chelicerates," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
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    5. Jakob Vinther & Luke Parry & Derek E. G. Briggs & Peter Van Roy, 2017. "Ancestral morphology of crown-group molluscs revealed by a new Ordovician stem aculiferan," Nature, Nature, vol. 542(7642), pages 471-474, February.
    6. Jesus Lozano-Fernandez & Alastair R. Tanner & Mattia Giacomelli & Robert Carton & Jakob Vinther & Gregory D. Edgecombe & Davide Pisani, 2019. "Increasing species sampling in chelicerate genomic-scale datasets provides support for monophyly of Acari and Arachnida," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-8, December.
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