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Distributed quantum sensing of multiple phases with fewer photons

Author

Listed:
  • Dong-Hyun Kim

    (Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
    Yonsei University)

  • Seongjin Hong

    (Chung-Ang University)

  • Yong-Su Kim

    (Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
    KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology)

  • Yosep Kim

    (Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
    Korea University)

  • Seung-Woo Lee

    (Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST))

  • Raphael C. Pooser

    (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)

  • Kyunghwan Oh

    (Yonsei University)

  • Su-Yong Lee

    (Agency for Defense Development
    ADD School, University of Science and Technology)

  • Changhyoup Lee

    (Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science)

  • Hyang-Tag Lim

    (Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)
    KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology)

Abstract

Distributed quantum metrology has drawn intense interest as it outperforms the optimal classical counterparts in estimating multiple distributed parameters. However, most schemes so far have required entangled resources consisting of photon numbers equal to or more than the parameter numbers, which is a fairly demanding requirement as the number of nodes increases. Here, we present a distributed quantum sensing scenario in which quantum-enhanced sensitivity can be achieved with fewer photons than the number of parameters. As an experimental demonstration, using a two-photon entangled state, we estimate four phases distributed 3 km away from the central node, resulting in a 2.2 dB sensitivity enhancement from the standard quantum limit. Our results show that the Heisenberg scaling can be achieved even when using fewer photons than the number of parameters. We believe our scheme will open a pathway to perform large-scale distributed quantum sensing with currently available entangled sources.

Suggested Citation

  • Dong-Hyun Kim & Seongjin Hong & Yong-Su Kim & Yosep Kim & Seung-Woo Lee & Raphael C. Pooser & Kyunghwan Oh & Su-Yong Lee & Changhyoup Lee & Hyang-Tag Lim, 2024. "Distributed quantum sensing of multiple phases with fewer photons," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-6, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-44204-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44204-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Benjamin K. Malia & Yunfan Wu & Julián Martínez-Rincón & Mark A. Kasevich, 2022. "Distributed quantum sensing with mode-entangled spin-squeezed atomic states," Nature, Nature, vol. 612(7941), pages 661-665, December.
    2. Manuel Gessner & Augusto Smerzi & Luca Pezzè, 2020. "Multiparameter squeezing for optimal quantum enhancements in sensor networks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-9, December.
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