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Evidence for compositionally distinct upper mantle plumelets since the early history of the Tristan-Gough hotspot

Author

Listed:
  • Stephan Homrighausen

    (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel)

  • Kaj Hoernle

    (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel
    Kiel University, Institute of Geosciences)

  • Folkmar Hauff

    (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel)

  • Patrick A. Hoyer

    (GeoZentrum Nordbayern)

  • Karsten M. Haase

    (GeoZentrum Nordbayern)

  • Wolfram H. Geissler

    (Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research)

  • Jörg Geldmacher

    (GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel)

Abstract

Recent studies indicate that mantle plumes, which transfer material and heat from the earth’s interior to its surface, represent multifaceted upwellings. The Tristan-Gough hotspot track (South Atlantic), which formed above a mantle plume, documents spatial geochemical zonation in two distinct sub-tracks since ~70 Ma. The origin and the sudden appearance of two distinct geochemical flavors is enigmatic, but could provide insights into the structural evolution of mantle plumes. Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope data from the Late Cretaceous Rio Grande Rise and adjacent Jean Charcot Seamount Chain (South American Plate), which represent the counterpart of the older Tristan-Gough volcanic track (African Plate), extends the bilateral-zonation to ~100 Ma. Our results support recent numerical models, demonstrating that mantle plumes can split into distinct upper mantle conduits, and provide evidence that these plumelets formed at the plume head-to-plume tail transition. We attribute the plume zonation to sampling the geochemically-graded margin of the African Large Low-Shear-Velocity Province.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephan Homrighausen & Kaj Hoernle & Folkmar Hauff & Patrick A. Hoyer & Karsten M. Haase & Wolfram H. Geissler & Jörg Geldmacher, 2023. "Evidence for compositionally distinct upper mantle plumelets since the early history of the Tristan-Gough hotspot," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-39585-0
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39585-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Scott W. French & Barbara Romanowicz, 2015. "Broad plumes rooted at the base of the Earth's mantle beneath major hotspots," Nature, Nature, vol. 525(7567), pages 95-99, September.
    2. W. Abouchami & A. W. Hofmann & S. J. G. Galer & F. A. Frey & J. Eisele & M. Feigenson, 2005. "Lead isotopes reveal bilateral asymmetry and vertical continuity in the Hawaiian mantle plume," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7035), pages 851-856, April.
    3. T. D. Jones & D. R. Davies & I. H. Campbell & G. Iaffaldano & G. Yaxley & S. C. Kramer & C. R. Wilson, 2017. "The concurrent emergence and causes of double volcanic hotspot tracks on the Pacific plate," Nature, Nature, vol. 545(7655), pages 472-476, May.
    4. Kaj Hoernle & Joana Rohde & Folkmar Hauff & Dieter Garbe-Schönberg & Stephan Homrighausen & Reinhard Werner & Jason P. Morgan, 2015. "How and when plume zonation appeared during the 132 Myr evolution of the Tristan Hotspot," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-10, November.
    5. Trond H. Torsvik & Kevin Burke & Bernhard Steinberger & Susan J. Webb & Lewis D. Ashwal, 2010. "Diamonds sampled by plumes from the core–mantle boundary," Nature, Nature, vol. 466(7304), pages 352-355, July.
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