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Intermediate water circulation drives distribution of Pliocene Oxygen Minimum Zones

Author

Listed:
  • Catherine V. Davis

    (North Carolina State University)

  • Elizabeth C. Sibert

    (Yale University
    Yale University)

  • Peter H. Jacobs

    (George Mason University
    NASA Goddard Space Flight Center)

  • Natalie Burls

    (George Mason University)

  • Pincelli M. Hull

    (Yale University
    Yale University
    Yale University)

Abstract

Oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) play a critical role in global biogeochemical cycling and act as barriers to dispersal for marine organisms. OMZs are currently expanding and intensifying with climate change, however past distributions of OMZs are relatively unknown. Here we present evidence for widespread pelagic OMZs during the Pliocene (5.3-2.6 Ma), the most recent epoch with atmospheric CO2 analogous to modern (~400-450 ppm). The global distribution of OMZ-affiliated planktic foraminifer, Globorotaloides hexagonus, and Earth System and Species Distribution Models show that the Indian Ocean, Eastern Equatorial Pacific, eastern South Pacific, and eastern North Atlantic all supported OMZs in the Pliocene, as today. By contrast, low-oxygen waters were reduced in the North Pacific and expanded in the North Atlantic in the Pliocene. This spatially explicit perspective reveals that a warmer world can support both regionally expanded and contracted OMZs, with intermediate water circulation as a key driver.

Suggested Citation

  • Catherine V. Davis & Elizabeth C. Sibert & Peter H. Jacobs & Natalie Burls & Pincelli M. Hull, 2023. "Intermediate water circulation drives distribution of Pliocene Oxygen Minimum Zones," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-35083-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35083-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sunke Schmidtko & Lothar Stramma & Martin Visbeck, 2017. "Decline in global oceanic oxygen content during the past five decades," Nature, Nature, vol. 542(7641), pages 335-339, February.
    2. Lothar Stramma & Eric D. Prince & Sunke Schmidtko & Jiangang Luo & John P. Hoolihan & Martin Visbeck & Douglas W. R. Wallace & Peter Brandt & Arne Körtzinger, 2012. "Expansion of oxygen minimum zones may reduce available habitat for tropical pelagic fishes," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 2(1), pages 33-37, January.
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