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Effect of vaccination on household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern

Author

Listed:
  • Frederik Plesner Lyngse

    (University of Copenhagen
    Danish Ministry of Health
    Statens Serum Institut)

  • Kåre Mølbak

    (Statens Serum Institut
    University of Copenhagen)

  • Matt Denwood

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Lasse Engbo Christiansen

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Camilla Holten Møller

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Morten Rasmussen

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Arieh Sierra Cohen

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Marc Stegger

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Jannik Fonager

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Raphael Niklaus Sieber

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Kirsten Maren Ellegaard

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Claus Nielsen

    (Statens Serum Institut)

  • Carsten Thure Kirkeby

    (University of Copenhagen)

Abstract

Effective vaccines protect individuals by not only reducing the susceptibility to infection, but also reducing the infectiousness of breakthrough infections in vaccinated cases. To disentangle the vaccine effectiveness against susceptibility to infection (VES) and vaccine effectiveness against infectiousness (VEI), we took advantage of Danish national data comprising 24,693 households with a primary case of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Delta Variant of Concern, 2021) including 53,584 household contacts. In this setting, we estimated VES as 61% (95%-CI: 59-63), when the primary case was unvaccinated, and VEI as 31% (95%-CI: 26-36), when the household contact was unvaccinated. Furthermore, unvaccinated secondary cases with an infection exhibited a three-fold higher viral load compared to fully vaccinated secondary cases with a breakthrough infection. Our results demonstrate that vaccinations reduce susceptibility to infection as well as infectiousness, which should be considered by policy makers when seeking to understand the public health impact of vaccination against transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

Suggested Citation

  • Frederik Plesner Lyngse & Kåre Mølbak & Matt Denwood & Lasse Engbo Christiansen & Camilla Holten Møller & Morten Rasmussen & Arieh Sierra Cohen & Marc Stegger & Jannik Fonager & Raphael Niklaus Sieber, 2022. "Effect of vaccination on household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant of concern," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-31494-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31494-y
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    1. Matan Levine-Tiefenbrun & Idan Yelin & Hillel Alapi & Esma Herzel & Jacob Kuint & Gabriel Chodick & Sivan Gazit & Tal Patalon & Roy Kishony, 2022. "Waning of SARS-CoV-2 booster viral-load reduction effectiveness," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-4, December.
    2. Petra Mlcochova & Steven A. Kemp & Mahesh Shanker Dhar & Guido Papa & Bo Meng & Isabella A. T. M. Ferreira & Rawlings Datir & Dami A. Collier & Anna Albecka & Sujeet Singh & Rajesh Pandey & Jonathan B, 2021. "SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 Delta variant replication and immune evasion," Nature, Nature, vol. 599(7883), pages 114-119, November.
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