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Observation of second sound in graphite over 200 K

Author

Listed:
  • Zhiwei Ding

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Ke Chen

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Bai Song

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Jungwoo Shin

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Alexei A. Maznev

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Keith A. Nelson

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Gang Chen

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Abstract

Second sound refers to the phenomenon of heat propagation as temperature waves in the phonon hydrodynamic transport regime. We directly observe second sound in graphite at temperatures of over 200 K using a sub-picosecond transient grating technique. The experimentally determined dispersion relation of the thermal-wave velocity increases with decreasing grating period, consistent with first-principles-based solution of the Peierls-Boltzmann transport equation. Through simulation, we reveal this increase as a result of thermal zero sound—the thermal waves due to ballistic phonons. Our experimental findings are well explained with the interplay among three groups of phonons: ballistic, diffusive, and hydrodynamic phonons. Our ab initio calculations further predict a large isotope effect on the properties of thermal waves and the existence of second sound at room temperature in isotopically pure graphite.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhiwei Ding & Ke Chen & Bai Song & Jungwoo Shin & Alexei A. Maznev & Keith A. Nelson & Gang Chen, 2022. "Observation of second sound in graphite over 200 K," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-27907-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27907-z
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    Cited by:

    1. Čukić, Milena & Galovic, Slobodanka, 2023. "Mathematical modeling of anomalous diffusive behavior in transdermal drug-delivery including time-delayed flux concept," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    2. Xin Huang & Yangyu Guo & Yunhui Wu & Satoru Masubuchi & Kenji Watanabe & Takashi Taniguchi & Zhongwei Zhang & Sebastian Volz & Tomoki Machida & Masahiro Nomura, 2023. "Observation of phonon Poiseuille flow in isotopically purified graphite ribbons," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

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