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Functionality of the putative surface glycoproteins of the Wuhan spiny eel influenza virus

Author

Listed:
  • Guha Asthagiri Arunkumar

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Disha Bhavsar

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Tiehai Li

    (University of Georgia)

  • Shirin Strohmeier

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Veronika Chromikova

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Fatima Amanat

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
    Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Mehman Bunyatov

    (Utrecht University)

  • Patrick C. Wilson

    (University of Chicago)

  • Ali H. Ellebedy

    (Washington University School of Medicine)

  • Geert-Jan Boons

    (University of Georgia
    Utrecht University)

  • Viviana Simon

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

  • Robert P. Vries

    (Utrecht University)

  • Florian Krammer

    (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Abstract

A panel of influenza virus-like sequences were recently documented in fish and amphibians. Of these, the Wuhan spiny eel influenza virus (WSEIV) was found to phylogenetically cluster with influenza B viruses as a sister clade. Influenza B viruses have been documented to circulate only in humans, with certain virus isolates found in harbor seals. It is therefore interesting that a similar virus was potentially found in fish. Here we characterize the putative hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) surface glycoproteins of the WSEIV. Functionally, we show that the WSEIV NA-like protein has sialidase activity comparable to B/Malaysia/2506/2004 influenza B virus NA, making it a bona fide neuraminidase that is sensitive to NA inhibitors. We tested the functionality of the HA by addressing the receptor specificity, stability, preferential airway protease cleavage, and fusogenicity. We show highly specific binding to monosialic ganglioside 2 (GM2) and fusogenicity at a range of different pH conditions. In addition, we found limited antigenic conservation of the WSEIV HA and NA relative to the B/Malaysia/2506/2004 virus HA and NA. In summary, we perform a functional and antigenic characterization of the glycoproteins of WSEIV to assess if it is indeed a bona fide influenza virus potentially circulating in ray-finned fish.

Suggested Citation

  • Guha Asthagiri Arunkumar & Disha Bhavsar & Tiehai Li & Shirin Strohmeier & Veronika Chromikova & Fatima Amanat & Mehman Bunyatov & Patrick C. Wilson & Ali H. Ellebedy & Geert-Jan Boons & Viviana Simon, 2021. "Functionality of the putative surface glycoproteins of the Wuhan spiny eel influenza virus," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-12, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-26409-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26409-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nico Joel Halwe & Lea Hamberger & Julia Sehl-Ewert & Christin Mache & Jacob Schön & Lorenz Ulrich & Sten Calvelage & Mario Tönnies & Jonas Fuchs & Pooja Bandawane & Madhumathi Loganathan & Anass Abbad, 2024. "Bat-borne H9N2 influenza virus evades MxA restriction and exhibits efficient replication and transmission in ferrets," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.

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