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Probing the Na metal solid electrolyte interphase via cryo-transmission electron microscopy

Author

Listed:
  • Bing Han

    (Southern University of Science and Technology
    Peking University)

  • Yucheng Zou

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Zhen Zhang

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Xuming Yang

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Xiaobo Shi

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Hong Meng

    (Peking University)

  • Hong Wang

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Kang Xu

    (US Army Research Laboratory)

  • Yonghong Deng

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

  • Meng Gu

    (Southern University of Science and Technology)

Abstract

Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) is a valuable tool recently proposed to investigate battery electrodes. Despite being employed for Li-based battery materials, cryo-TEM measurements for Na-based electrochemical energy storage systems are not commonly reported. In particular, elucidating the chemical and morphological behavior of the Na-metal electrode in contact with a non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution could provide useful insights that may lead to a better understanding of metal cells during operation. Here, using cryo-TEM, we investigate the effect of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additive on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) structure of a Na-metal electrode. Without FEC, the NaPF6-containing carbonate-based electrolyte reacts with the metal electrode to produce an unstable SEI, rich in Na2CO3 and Na3PO4, which constantly consumes the sodium reservoir of the cell during cycling. When FEC is used, the Na-metal electrode forms a multilayer SEI structure comprising an outer NaF-rich amorphous phase and an inner Na3PO4 phase. This layered structure stabilizes the SEI and prevents further reactions between the electrolyte and the Na metal.

Suggested Citation

  • Bing Han & Yucheng Zou & Zhen Zhang & Xuming Yang & Xiaobo Shi & Hong Meng & Hong Wang & Kang Xu & Yonghong Deng & Meng Gu, 2021. "Probing the Na metal solid electrolyte interphase via cryo-transmission electron microscopy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-23368-6
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23368-6
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    Cited by:

    1. Chuanlong Wang & Akila C. Thenuwara & Jianmin Luo & Pralav P. Shetty & Matthew T. McDowell & Haoyu Zhu & Sergio Posada-Pérez & Hui Xiong & Geoffroy Hautier & Weiyang Li, 2022. "Extending the low-temperature operation of sodium metal batteries combining linear and cyclic ether-based electrolyte solutions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Chutao Wang & Zongqiang Sun & Yaqing Liu & Lin Liu & Xiaoting Yin & Qing Hou & Jingmin Fan & Jiawei Yan & Ruming Yuan & Mingsen Zheng & Quanfeng Dong, 2024. "A weakly coordinating-intervention strategy for modulating Na+ solvation sheathes and constructing robust interphase in sodium-metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Jelena Popovic, 2021. "The importance of electrode interfaces and interphases for rechargeable metal batteries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-5, December.
    4. Yue Chen & Wenkai Wu & Sergio Gonzalez-Munoz & Leonardo Forcieri & Charlie Wells & Samuel P. Jarvis & Fangling Wu & Robert Young & Avishek Dey & Mark Isaacs & Mangayarkarasi Nagarathinam & Robert G. P, 2023. "Nanoarchitecture factors of solid electrolyte interphase formation via 3D nano-rheology microscopy and surface force-distance spectroscopy," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.

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