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Directional Goldstone waves in polariton condensates close to equilibrium

Author

Listed:
  • Dario Ballarini

    (CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology)

  • Davide Caputo

    (CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology
    University of Salento)

  • Galbadrakh Dagvadorj

    (University College London
    University of Warwick)

  • Richard Juggins

    (University College London)

  • Milena De Giorgi

    (CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology)

  • Lorenzo Dominici

    (CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology)

  • Kenneth West

    (Princeton University)

  • Loren N. Pfeiffer

    (Princeton University)

  • Giuseppe Gigli

    (CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology
    University of Salento)

  • Marzena H. Szymańska

    (University College London)

  • Daniele Sanvitto

    (CNR NANOTEC—Institute of Nanotechnology
    INFN)

Abstract

Quantum fluids of light are realized in semiconductor microcavities using exciton-polaritons, solid-state quasi-particles with a light mass and sizeable interactions. Here, we use the microscopic analogue of oceanographic techniques to measure the excitation spectrum of a thermalised polariton condensate. Increasing the fluid density, we demonstrate the transition from a free-particle parabolic dispersion to a linear, sound-like Goldstone mode characteristic of superfluids at equilibrium. Notably, we reveal the effect of an asymmetric pumping by showing that collective excitations are created with a definite direction with respect to the condensate. Furthermore, we measure the critical sound speed for polariton superfluids close to equilibrium.

Suggested Citation

  • Dario Ballarini & Davide Caputo & Galbadrakh Dagvadorj & Richard Juggins & Milena De Giorgi & Lorenzo Dominici & Kenneth West & Loren N. Pfeiffer & Giuseppe Gigli & Marzena H. Szymańska & Daniele Sanv, 2020. "Directional Goldstone waves in polariton condensates close to equilibrium," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-13733-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13733-x
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    Cited by:

    1. Anna Grudinina & Maria Efthymiou-Tsironi & Vincenzo Ardizzone & Fabrizio Riminucci & Milena De Giorgi & Dimitris Trypogeorgos & Kirk Baldwin & Loren Pfeiffer & Dario Ballarini & Daniele Sanvitto & Nin, 2023. "Collective excitations of a bound-in-the-continuum condensate," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

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