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The mechanism of RNA duplex recognition and unwinding by DEAD-box helicase DDX3X

Author

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  • He Song

    (National Cancer Institute)

  • Xinhua Ji

    (National Cancer Institute)

Abstract

DEAD-box helicases (DDXs) regulate RNA processing and metabolism by unwinding short double-stranded (ds) RNAs. Sharing a helicase core composed of two RecA-like domains (D1D2), DDXs function in an ATP-dependent, non-processive manner. As an attractive target for cancer and AIDS treatment, DDX3X and its orthologs are extensively studied, yielding a wealth of biochemical and biophysical data, including structures of apo-D1D2 and post-unwound D1D2:single-stranded RNA complex, and the structure of a D2:dsRNA complex that is thought to represent a pre-unwound state. However, the structure of a pre-unwound D1D2:dsRNA complex remains elusive, and thus, the mechanism of DDX action is not fully understood. Here, we describe the structure of a D1D2 core in complex with a 23-base pair dsRNA at pre-unwound state, revealing that two DDXs recognize a 2-turn dsRNA, each DDX mainly recognizes a single RNA strand, and conformational changes induced by ATP binding unwinds the RNA duplex in a cooperative manner.

Suggested Citation

  • He Song & Xinhua Ji, 2019. "The mechanism of RNA duplex recognition and unwinding by DEAD-box helicase DDX3X," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:10:y:2019:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-019-11083-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11083-2
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    Cited by:

    1. Yuki Toyama & Ichio Shimada, 2024. "NMR characterization of RNA binding property of the DEAD-box RNA helicase DDX3X and its implications for helicase activity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Michael C. Owens & Hui Shen & Amber Yanas & Maria Saraí Mendoza-Figueroa & Ellen Lavorando & Xiaoyu Wei & Him Shweta & Hsin-Yao Tang & Yale E. Goldman & Kathy Fange Liu, 2024. "Specific catalytically impaired DDX3X mutants form sexually dimorphic hollow condensates," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.

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