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A revival of Indian summer monsoon rainfall since 2002

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  • Qinjian Jin

    (Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Chien Wang

    (Center for Global Change Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

Abstract

A significant reduction in summer monsoon rainfall has been observed in northern central India during the second half of the twentieth century, threatening water security and causing widespread socio-economic impacts. Here, using various observational data sets, we show that monsoon rainfall has increased in India at 1.34 mm d−1 decade−1 since 2002. This apparent revival of summer monsoon precipitation is closely associated with a favourable land–ocean temperature gradient, driven by a strong warming signature over the Indian subcontinent and slower rates of warming over the Indian Ocean. The continental Indian warming is attributed to a reduction of low cloud due to decreased ocean evaporation in the Arabian Sea, and thus decreased moisture transport to India. Global climate models fail to capture the observed rainfall revival and corresponding trends of the land–ocean temperature gradient, with implications for future projections of the Indian monsoon.

Suggested Citation

  • Qinjian Jin & Chien Wang, 2017. "A revival of Indian summer monsoon rainfall since 2002," Nature Climate Change, Nature, vol. 7(8), pages 587-594, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcli:v:7:y:2017:i:8:d:10.1038_nclimate3348
    DOI: 10.1038/nclimate3348
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    Cited by:

    1. P. Kishore & Ghouse Basha & M. Venkat Ratnam & Amir AghaKouchak & Isabella Velicogna & M. Rajeevan, 2022. "Precipitation variability over India during the 20th and 21st centuries: investigating natural and anthropogenic drivers," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 172(3), pages 1-20, June.

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