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Nineteenth-Century U.S. Black and White Working Class Physical Activity and Nutritional Trends During Economic Development

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  • Scott Carson

Abstract

Much has been written about nineteenth-century African-American and white statures and body mass index values. However, less is known about their physical activity and calories required to sustain height and weight. This paper considers two alternative measures for biological conditions that address physical activity and calories per capita: basal metabolic rate (BMR) and estimated calories from calorie equations. African-Americans had greater BMR and required more calories per day than whites. Farmers and unskilled workers were more physically active and required more calories per day than workers in white-collar and skilled occupations. Nineteenth-century BMRs and calories were higher in rural locations, where greater physical activity was required and more calories were available.

Suggested Citation

  • Scott Carson, 2014. "Nineteenth-Century U.S. Black and White Working Class Physical Activity and Nutritional Trends During Economic Development," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(3), pages 765-786.
  • Handle: RePEc:mes:jeciss:v:48:y:2014:i:3:p:765-786
    DOI: 10.2753/JEI0021-3624480309
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    Cited by:

    1. Scott Carson, 2015. "A Weighty Issue: Diminished Net Nutrition Among the U.S. Working Class in the Nineteenth Century," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 52(3), pages 945-966, June.
    2. Scott A. Carson, 2018. "The 19th Centure Net Nutrition Transition from Free to Bound Labor: A Difference-in-Decompositions Approach," CESifo Working Paper Series 6932, CESifo.
    3. Scott A. Carson, 2015. "Nineteenth Century Weight in the United States: Revaluating Net Nutrition during Economic Development," CESifo Working Paper Series 5499, CESifo.
    4. Carson, Scott Alan, 2019. "Late 19th, early 20th century US, foreign-born body mass index values in the United States," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 26-38.
    5. Scott Alan Carson & Scott A. Carson, 2022. "Nineteenth and Early 20th Century Physical Activity and Calories by Gender and Race," CESifo Working Paper Series 10140, CESifo.
    6. Scott A. Carson, 2022. "Female and Male Calories Across the 19th and Early 20th Century Distributions Using Quantile Regression," CESifo Working Paper Series 10051, CESifo.
    7. Scott A. Carson, 2019. "Body weight and United States economic development, 1840-1940," CESifo Working Paper Series 7573, CESifo.
    8. Scott A. Carson, 2019. "Changing Current Net Nutrition with Weight as a Measure of Net Nutritional Change with the Transition from Bound to Free Labor: A Difference-in-Decompositions Approach," CESifo Working Paper Series 7502, CESifo.
    9. Scott A. Carson, 2017. "Late 19th and Early 20th Century Native and Immigrant Body Mass Index Values," CESifo Working Paper Series 6771, CESifo.

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