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Urbanization, Urban-Biased Policies, and Urban-Rural Inequality in China, 1987-2001

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  • Ming Lu
  • Zhao Chen

Abstract

Post-reform economic policies in China have been biased toward urban residents and have contributed to the increasing urban-rural inequality. Analysis of the provincial panel data during 1987-2001 shows that urbanization significantly narrowed the urban-rural inequality. We also find that interprovincial migration, economic opening, and governmental participation in economic activity are contributing to the expanding urban-rural inequality. The structure of governmental expenditure is also found to have significant effects on urban-rural inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Ming Lu & Zhao Chen, 2006. "Urbanization, Urban-Biased Policies, and Urban-Rural Inequality in China, 1987-2001," Chinese Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(3), pages 42-63, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:mes:chinec:v:39:y:2006:i:3:p:42-63
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    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Wei & Wu, Yuzhe & Choguill, Charles, 2021. "Prosperity and inclusion: The impact of public housing supply on urban inclusive growth in China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    2. Lu, Haiyan & Zhao, Pengjun & Hu, Haoyu & Zeng, Liangen & Wu, Kai Sheng & Lv, Di, 2022. "Transport infrastructure and urban-rural income disparity: A municipal-level analysis in China," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 99(C).
    3. Wang, Xiang & Shao, Shuai & Li, Ling, 2019. "Agricultural inputs, urbanization, and urban-rural income disparity: Evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 67-84.
    4. He, Ming & Chen, Yang & van Marrewijk, Charles, 2021. "The effects of urban transformation on productivity spillovers in China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 473-488.
    5. Yong Liu & Cuihong Long, 2021. "Urban and Rural Income Gap: Does Urban Spatial Form Matter in China?," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(1), pages 21582440211, March.
    6. Furong Jin & Keun Lee, 2017. "Dynamics of the growth–inequality nexus in China: roles of surplus labor, openness, education, and technical change in province-panel analysis," Journal of Economic Policy Reform, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(1), pages 1-25, January.
    7. Ming Lu & Shiqing Jiang, 2008. "Labor Market Reform, Income Inequality and Economic Growth in China," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 16(6), pages 63-80, November.
    8. Song, Yang, 2014. "What should economists know about the current Chinese hukou system?," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 200-212.
    9. Tang, Le & Sun, Shiyu, 2022. "Fiscal incentives, financial support for agriculture, and urban-rural inequality," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    10. Ma, Yong & Chen, Diandian, 2020. "Openness, rural-urban inequality, and happiness in China," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 44(4).
    11. Cem Çağrı Dönmez & Abdulkadir Atalan, 2019. "Developing Statistical Optimization Models for Urban Competitiveness Index: Under the Boundaries of Econophysics Approach," Complexity, Hindawi, vol. 2019, pages 1-11, November.
    12. Ming LU & Hong GAO, 2011. "Labour market transition, income inequality and economic growth in China," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 150(1-2), pages 101-126, June.
    13. Zhao, Mengxue & Yuan, Zhihang & Chan, Hon S., 2023. "Housing wealth and household carbon emissions: The role of homeownership in China," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    14. Iris Claus & Les Oxley & Ming Lu & Guanghua Wan, 2014. "Urbanization And Urban Systems In The People'S Republic Of China: Research Findings And Policy Recommendations," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(4), pages 671-685, September.
    15. Liu, Nian & Qian, Yihe & Gu, Xinhua & Li, Guoqiang, 2024. "Digital technology, e-commerce, and economic inequality: The case of China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 259-271.
    16. Wang, Siliang & Tan, Shukui & Yang, Shengfu & Lin, Qiaowen & Zhang, Lu, 2019. "Urban-biased land development policy and the urban-rural income gap: Evidence from Hubei Province, China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).
    17. Dong, Xiao-Ying & Hao, Yu, 2018. "Would income inequality affect electricity consumption? Evidence from China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 215-227.
    18. Liu, Qiyang & Lucas, Karen & Marsden, Greg & Liu, Yang, 2019. "Egalitarianism and public perception of social inequities: A case study of Beijing congestion charge," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 47-62.

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